Methods and compositions for assessing and treating intraocular diseases and disorders

1. A kit or device for assessing age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a subject, which kit or device comprises reagents for assessing the presence, absence, quantity, and/or the infectious status of Bacillus megaterium in an intraocular space, cavity or sample of a subject, wherein the etiology of said AMD comprises infection of said Bacillus megaterium in said intraocular space or cavity of said subject, and which kit or device further comprises a tool for obtaining a sample from said intraocular space or cavity of said subject.

2. The kit or device of claim 1 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents to be used in a molecular assay.

3. The kit or device of claim 1 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents to be used in a binding assay.

4. The kit or device of claim 3 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents to be used in an immunoassay.

5. The kit or device of claim 4 , wherein the immunoassay is selected from the group consisting of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunostaining, latex agglutination, indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), complement fixation, indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), nephelometry, flow cytometry assay, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), chemiluminescence assay, lateral flow immunoassay, u-capture assay, inhibition assay and avidity assay.

6. The kit or device of claim 2 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents for isolating, amplifying, ligating, hybridizing and/or sequencing a polynucleotide of Bacillus megaterium.

7. The kit or device of claim 2 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents for amplifying the polynucleotide using a procedure selected from the group consisting of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), strand displacement amplification (SDA), transcription mediated amplification (TMA), ligase chain reaction (LCR), nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA), primer extension, rolling circle amplification (RCA), self-sustained sequence replication (3 SR), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).

8. The kit or device of claim 2 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents for polynucleotide sequencing that is conducted with a format selected from the group consisting of Maxam-Gilbert sequencing, a chain-termination method, shotgun sequencing, bridge PCR, single-molecule real-time sequencing, ion semiconductor, sequencing by synthesis, sequencing by ligation, chain termination, massively parallel signature sequencing, polony sequencing, 454 pyrosequencing, Illumina Solexa sequencing, DNA nanoball sequencing, heliscope single molecule sequencing, single molecule real time sequencing, nanopore DNA sequencing, tunnelling currents DNA sequencing, sequencing by hybridization, sequencing with mass spectrometry, microfluidic Sanger sequencing, RNAP sequencing, and in vitro virus high-throughput sequencing.

9. The kit or device of claim 2 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents for sequencing analysis and/or PCR analysis.

10. The kit or device of claim 9 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents for metagenomic sequencing analysis of Bacillus megaterium.

11. The kit or device of claim 9 , wherein the reagents comprise reagents for real-time PCR analysis of Bacillus megaterium.

12. The kit or device of claim 1 , wherein the tool is configured for obtaining a sample from aqueous humor in anterior chamber, a suspensory ligament, ciliary body, ciliary body and muscle, vitreous humor in posterior chamber, retina, choroid, optic nerve, lens, or iris of a subject.

13. The kit or device of claim 1 , which comprises reagents for assessing live Bacillus megaterium for assessing AMD in the subject.

14. The kit or device of claim 1 , which further comprises a reagent for assessing activation of complement system and/or induction of inflammation in the intraocular space, cavity or sample of a subject for assessing AMD in the subject.

15. The kit or device of claim 1 , which further comprises a reagent or structure for assessing clinical symptoms of AMD in a subject.

16. The kit or device of claim 1 , which is configured for risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, stratification and/or treatment monitoring of AMD in a subject.

17. The kit or device of claim 1 , which further comprises a control reagent or a calibrator.

18. The kit or device of claim 1 , which further comprises a drug, a surgery tool or an implantable device for treating or preventing AMD in the subject.

19. The kit or device of claim 1 , which comprises a kit.