Tracking three dimensional puzzle components using embedded image sensors and contactless absolute position encoders

1. A three-dimensional puzzle comprising:

a shell having at least four faces and formed by multiple shell segments, at least some of the shell segments being movable relative to adjacent shell segments;

a core within the shell, the at least some of the shell segments being repositionable relative to the core, and the faces being freely to rotatable relative to the core about axes extending from the core toward the faces;

a plurality of unique signatures, each located at one of the at least some of the shell segments;

system electronics at the core; and

at least one optical sensor, each optical sensor configured to capture an image of multiple shell segments to enable the system electronics to detect an identity and orientation of multiple shell segments based on the unique signatures.

2. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , further configured to determine a current shell segment pattern of the shell based, at least in part, on the detected identity and orientation.

3. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 2 further comprising:

processing circuitry;

wherein the processing circuitry is located within the shell and configured to determine the current shell segment pattern.

4. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , wherein each unique signature represents colors of all face segments of its corresponding shell segment.

5. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , wherein:

the shell has six faces, which form a cube;

the shell segments are six central cubelets, eight vertex cubelets, and twelve central edge cubelets, the central cubelets each being on a different face of the shell and each being supported by contacting a separate post extending from the core along the axis of rotation of its respective face; and

the at least some of the shell segments include the eight vertex cubelets and the twelve central edge cubelets.

6. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , further comprising:

at least one mirror directing images of the unique signatures toward the at least one optical sensor.

7. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , further comprising:

at least one lens directing images of the unique signatures toward the at least one optical sensor.

8. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , further comprising:

a light source directed to illuminate the unique signatures.

9. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , wherein the optical sensor views all unique signatures simultaneously.

10. The three-dimensional puzzle of claim 1 , comprising:

a power source located at the core,

wherein the power source is accessible for charging through at least one of the shell segments.