Apparatus in the form of a unitary, single-piece structure configured to generate and mix ultra-fine gas bubbles into a high gas concentration aqueous solution

1. An apparatus for generating and mixing gas bubbles into an aqueous solution, the apparatus comprising:

a structure defining an interior fluid-flow chamber extending along a longitudinal axis between an input port at a liquid input end and an output port at a liquid output end, wherein the structure is characterized by:

a gas injection portion located upstream from the liquid output end, the gas injection portion defining a gas injection lumen and a first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber, the first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber comprising a plurality of side fluid-path lumens that extend in a downstream direction alongside a first part of the gas injection lumen, wherein the first part of the gas injection lumen and the plurality of side fluid-path lumens merge with a downstream fluid-path lumen of the first region, and the first part of the gas injection lumen is closer to the longitudinal axis than any of the plurality of side fluid-path lumens; and

a mixing vane portion extending in the downstream direction from the gas injection portion and defining a second region of the interior fluid-flow chamber,

wherein the first part of the gas injection lumen:

extends to a downstream opening in fluid communication with the downstream fluid-path lumen, and

is aligned to inject gas through the downstream opening and into the downstream fluid-path lumen in a direction downstream,

wherein the downstream opening is void of any structure that would impede the flow of gas.

2. An apparatus for generating and mixing gas bubbles into an aqueous solution, the apparatus comprising:

a structure defining an interior fluid-flow chamber extending along a longitudinal axis between an input port at a liquid input end and an output port at a liquid output end, wherein the structure is characterized by:

a gas injection portion located upstream from the liquid output end, the gas injection portion defining a gas injection lumen and a first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber, the first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber comprising a plurality of side fluid-path lumens that extend in a downstream direction alongside a first part of the gas injection lumen, wherein the first part of the gas injection lumen and the plurality of side fluid-path lumens merge with a downstream fluid-path lumen of the first region, and the first part of the gas injection lumen is closer to the longitudinal axis than any of the plurality of side fluid-path lumens; and

a mixing vane portion extending in the downstream direction from the gas injection portion and defining a second region of the interior fluid-flow chamber,

wherein the gas injection portion comprises:

an outer wall;

a first geometric structure surrounded by the outer wall and having a tip facing the input port and a base facing the output port, wherein the first geometric structure is in a shape of a cone; and

a second geometric structure surrounded by the outer wall and extending in the downstream direction from the base, wherein the second geometric structure comprises the first part of the gas injection lumen.

3. An apparatus for generating and mixing gas bubbles into an aqueous solution, the apparatus comprising:

a structure defining an interior fluid-flow chamber extending along a longitudinal axis between an input port at a liquid input end and an output port at a liquid output end, wherein the structure is characterized by:

a gas injection portion located upstream from the liquid output end, the gas injection portion defining a gas injection lumen and a first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber, the first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber comprising a plurality of side fluid-path lumens that extend in a downstream direction alongside a first part of the gas injection lumen, wherein the first part of the gas injection lumen and the plurality of side fluid-path lumens merge with a downstream fluid-path lumen of the first region, and the first part of the gas injection lumen is closer to the longitudinal axis than any of the plurality of side fluid-path lumens; and

a mixing vane portion extending in the downstream direction from the gas injection portion and defining a second region of the interior fluid-flow chamber,

wherein:

the second region of the interior fluid-flow chamber comprises a plurality of first helical fluid-path lumens corresponding in number to the plurality of side fluid-path lumens, each first helical fluid-path lumen being in fluid communication with the first region of the interior fluid-flow chamber and extending along a length of the mixing vane portion.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the second region of the interior fluid-flow chamber comprises a plurality of second helical fluid-path lumens corresponding in number to the plurality of first helical fluid-path lumens and being downstream from the plurality of first helical fluid-path lumens, wherein the plurality of first helical fluid-path lumens and the plurality of second helical fluid-path lumens are separated by a space.