Torrefied biomass briquettes and related methods
The presently disclosed subject matter relates to torrefied biomass briquettes and methods for producing the same that make use of a mixture of lightly torrefied material (LTM) and highly torrefied material (HTM) and/or make use of torrefied materials that are subjected to a hydrolysis pretreatment prior to being torrefied.
1. A torrefied biomass briquette, comprising:
(a) about 10% to about 95% of a highly-torrefied material (HTM) and about 5% to about 90% of a lightly torrefied material (LTM), wherein the LTM is torrefied at a temperature ranging from about 160° C. to about 220° C. and the HTM is torrefied at temperatures above about 240° C.; and
(b) a torrefied acid hydrolyzed biomass having a FTIR profile comprising one or more reduced oxygen functionalities as compared to biomass not subjected to acid hydrolysis.
2. The briquette of claim 1 , wherein, prior to forming the briquette, the HTM and the LTM have a combined moisture content of about 7% to about 15%.
3. The briquette of claim 1 , wherein, subsequent to forming the briquette, the briquette has a moisture content of about 3% to about 10%.
4. The briquette of claim 1 , wherein the briquette exhibits lignin based in-situ binding and is free of an added binder.
5. The briquette of claim 1 , wherein the briquette has a density in the range of about 1 to about 1.5 gm/cm 3 .
6. The briquette of claim 1 , wherein the briquette has a durability index value of about 5% to more than about 90%.
7. The briquette of claim 1 , wherein the briquette has a calorific value of about 8,000 BTU/lb to about 10,000 BTU/lb.
8. A method of producing a torrefied biomass briquette, comprising:
mixing
a) about 10% to about 95% of a highly-torrefied material (HTM) and about 5% to about 90% of a lightly torrefied material (LTM), wherein the LTM is torrefied at a temperature ranging from about 160° C. to about 220° C. and the HTM is torrefied at temperatures above about 240° C.; and,
b) a torrefied acid hydrolyzed biomass having a FTIR profile comprising one or more reduced oxygen functionalities as compared to biomass not subjected to acid hydrolysis;
preheating the mixture to a predetermined temperature;
compressing and simultaneously heating the mixture, to thereby produce a torrefied biomass briquette.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein, prior to the compressing and heating, the HTM and the LTM have a combined moisture content of about 7% to about 15%.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein, subsequent to the compressing and heating, the briquette has a moisture content of about 3% to about 10%.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mixture is pre-heated to a temperature of about 40° C. to about 80° C.
12. The method of claim 8 , further comprising the step of adjusting the moisture content of the mixture prior to compression.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein compressing and simultaneously heating the mixture comprises compressing and simultaneously heating the mixture in a die to a temperature of about 200° C. to about 250° C.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mixture does not include a binder.