Power supply for electric utility underground equipment
A power supply device may include a connector configured to electrically couple the power supply device to a conductor of the underground power lines; a voltage divider configured to receive an input voltage from the conductor, the voltage divider comprising a capacitor and divider voltage control electronics in series with the capacitor; and, a surge resistor in series with the capacitor and configured to provide impulse protection from surge events. The divider voltage control electronics may be configured to regulate an output voltage of the voltage divider to support variable loads on the voltage divider.
1. A power supply device configured to power an electrical component with underground power lines, comprising:
a connector configured to electrically couple the power supply device to a conductor of the underground power lines; and
a voltage divider configured to receive an input voltage from the conductor, the voltage divider comprising a capacitor and divider voltage control electronics, the divider voltage control electronics comprising a variable resistance load circuit coupled across a diode rectifier and configured to maintain a maximum voltage across a filter capacitor, the diode rectifier in series with the capacitor; and,
a surge resistor in series with the capacitor and configured to provide impulse protection from surge events;
wherein the divider voltage control electronics are configured to regulate an output voltage of the voltage divider to support variable loads on the voltage divider.
2. A power supply device configured to power an electrical component with underground power lines, comprising:
a connector configured to electrically couple the power supply device to a conductor of the underground power lines; and
a voltage divider configured to receive an input voltage from the conductor, the voltage divider comprising a capacitor and divider voltage control electronics in series with the capacitor, the divider voltage control electronics comprising a transformer; and,
a surge resistor in series with the capacitor and configured to provide impulse protection from surge events;
wherein the divider voltage control electronics are configured to regulate an output voltage of the voltage divider to support variable loads on the voltage divider.
3. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a switching power supply that provides DC power output.
4. The device of claim 3 , the switching power supply isolated from ground.
5. The device of claim 1 , the filter capacitor being in parallel with the variable resistance load circuit.
6. The device of claim 5 , the variable resistance load circuit comprising:
a resistor circuit including first resistor in series with a second resistor, the resistor circuit in parallel with the filter capacitor;
a switching circuit including a transistor in series with a third resistor, the switching circuit in parallel with the filter capacitor;
an amplifier, wherein a positive terminal of the amplifier coupled to a node between the first and the second resistor, a reference voltage input into a negative terminal of the amplifier, an output of the amplifier coupled to the transistor;
wherein when voltage at the positive terminal is greater than the reference voltage, the switching circuit is configured to draw current across the filter capacitor.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein when the power supply device is not coupled to a load, the third resistor is configured to dissipate a design full power output via being thermally bonded and electrically isolated to earth ground.
8. The device of claim 5 , the variable resistance load circuit comprising:
a resistor circuit including first resistor in series with a second resistor, the resistor circuit in parallel with the filter capacitor;
a switching power supply in parallel with the resistor circuit;
a switching circuit including a transistor in series with a third resistor, the switching circuit coupled to an output of the switching power supply;
an amplifier, wherein a positive terminal of the amplifier coupled to a node between the first and the second resistor, a reference voltage representing voltage across the filter capacitor input into a negative terminal of the amplifier, an output of the amplifier coupled to the transistor;
wherein when voltage at the positive terminal is greater than the reference voltage, the switching circuit is configured to draw current across the filter capacitor.
9. The device of claim 8 , wherein the switching power supply is configured to support a full design power load continuously.
10. The device of claim 8 , wherein the third resistor is thermally bonded and dielectrically isolated to earth ground.
11. The device of claim 2 , the capacitor being in series with a primary winding of the transformer.
12. The device of claim 11 , further comprising a TVS diode placed in parallel with the primary winding.
13. The device of claim 11 , the primary winding further coupled to ground.
14. The device of claim 2 , the transformer including a magnetic core having magnetic core behavior that controls the maximum voltage available at a secondary winding of the transformer.
15. The device of claim 14 , the magnetic core behavior characterized in that the magnetic core saturates as the input voltage increases above a target voltage.
16. The device of claim 2 , the transformer including a secondary winding, one end of the secondary winding being coupled to ground.
17. The device of claim 2 , the transformer including a secondary winding, the secondary winding being isolated from ground.
18. The device of claim 1 , wherein the divider voltage control electronics are configured to regulate the output voltage of the voltage divider by limiting the output voltage of the voltage divider.