Millimeter-wave radar imaging device and method
A millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging system comprises a mmW source configured to transmit mmW radiation to a target and a mmW imaging device. The mmW imaging device comprises an array of up-converter elements configured to convert backscatter radiation received from the target directly to visible light. The up-converter array has a first surface and a second surface. The mmW imaging device also comprises a first focusing lens optically coupled to the first surface of the up-converter array and configured to direct backscatter radiation received from the target to the up-converter elements. The mmW imaging device further comprises an an array of photodetectors. The photodetector array has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the photodetector array is configured to receive visible light emitted by the up-converter elements. The photodetector array is configured to produce electrical signals indicative of an optical image of the target.
1. A millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging system, comprising:
a mmW source configured to transmit mmW radiation to a target; and
a mmW imaging device comprising:
an array of up-converter elements configured to convert backscatter radiation received from the target directly to visible light, the up-converter array having a first surface and a second surface;
a first focusing lens optically coupled to the first surface of the up-converter array and configured to direct backscatter radiation received from the target to the up-converter elements;
an array of photodetectors, the photodetector array having a first surface and a second surface, the first surface of the photodetector array configured to receive visible light emitted by the up-converter elements, and the photodetector array configured to produce electrical signals indicative of an optical image of the target;
an optical lens disposed between the second surface of the up-converter array and the first surface of the photodetector array, the optical lens configured to direct light emitted by the up-converter array to the array of photodetectors;
a display comprising an array of display pixels coupled to the array of photodetectors, the display configured to convert electrical signals produced by the array of photodetectors to an optical image of the target;
a decoder coupled to the array of photodetectors, the decoder configured to decode data encoded in the target configured as an RFID tag; and
a housing configured for portability and hand-held manipulation by a user, the housing dimensioned to house at least the mmW imaging device, wherein the up-converter array, the first focusing lens, the photodetector array, the optical lens, and the display are axially aligned with one another along a common axis in the housing.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first focusing lens comprises a dielectric lens or a metamaterial lens.
3. The system of claim 1 , comprising a second focusing lens disposed at or proximate the mmW source and configured to direct the mmW radiation at the target.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the second focusing lens comprises a dielectric lens or a metamaterial lens.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least the up-converter array and the photodetector array are packaged to define an integrated optical-to-electrical converter.
6. The system of claim 1 ,
wherein at least the up-converter array, the optical lens, and the photodetector array are packaged to define an integrated optical-to-electrical converter.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the mmW source is disposed in a first housing; and
the first housing is physically separable from the housing dimensioned to house at least the mmW imaging device.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mmW source, is disposed in or supported by the housing dimensioned to house at least the mmW imaging device.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the display is configured to produce motion video.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the target comprises a chipless RFID tag; and
the decoder is configured to decode data encoded in the chipless RFID tag.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mmW imaging system is configured to image the target through a barrier which is substantially non-transmissive to visible light.
12. A millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging system, comprising:
a mmW source configured to transmit mmW radiation to a target; and
a mmW imaging device comprising:
a glow discharge device (GDD) comprising an array of GDD pixels, the glow discharge device having a first surface and a second surface;
a first focusing lens disposed at or proximate the first surface of the glow discharge device and configured to direct backscatter radiation received from the target to the GDD pixels;
an array of photodetectors, the photodetector array having a first surface and a second surface;
an optical lens disposed between the second surface of the GDD and the first surface of the photodetector array, the optical lens configured to direct light emitted by the GDD pixels to the array of photodetectors;
a display comprising an array of display pixels coupled to the array of photodetectors, the display configured to convert electrical signals produced by the array of photodetectors to an optical image of the target; and
a decoder coupled to the array of photodetectors, the decoder configured to decode data encoded in the target configured as an RFID tag; and
a housing configured for portability and hand-held manipulation by a user, the housing dimensioned to house the mmW imaging device and the mmW source, wherein the glow discharge device, the first focusing lens, the photodetector array, the optical lens, and the display are axially aligned with one another along a common axis in the housing.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein:
at least the glow discharge device, the optical lens, the photodetector array, and the display are packaged to define an integrated optical-to-electrical converter.
14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the display is configured to produce motion video.
15. The system of claim 12 , wherein the mmW imaging system is configured to image the target through a barrier which is substantially non-transmissive to visible light.