Plants with increased water use efficiency
Aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods of cultivating genetically altered plants with increased activity of the PsbS protein. These genetically altered plants have increased water use efficiency and substantially similar photosynthetic efficiency as compared to WT plants grown under the same conditions.
1. A method of cultivating a genetically altered plant with increased water use efficiency, comprising the steps of:
a. providing the genetically altered plant, wherein the plant or a part thereof comprises a genetic alteration comprising a first nucleic acid encoding a Photosystem II Subunit S (PsbS) protein and the first nucleic acid is operably linked to a second nucleic acid comprising a heterologous promoter;
b. selecting the genetically altered plant for increased water use efficiency compared to a wild type (WT) plant without the genetic alteration grown under the same conditions; and
c. cultivating the genetically altered plant in a field under conditions wherein the genetic alteration increases activity of the PsbS protein as compared to a wild type (WT) plant without the genetic alteration, and wherein the increased activity of the PsbS protein increases water use efficiency and increases biomass as compared to the WT plant grown under the same conditions.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conditions are lower irrigation conditions than standard irrigation conditions for the WT plant, rain fed conditions, higher density growth conditions than standard growth density conditions for the WT plant, higher salinity conditions than standard salinity conditions for the WT plant, or conditions resulting in wet leaf surfaces.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the increased activity of the PsbS protein provides the genetically altered plant with a higher yield, an increased growth rate, an increased tolerance of salinity, an increased ability to withstand salinity, an increased flow of nutrients to the roots, an increased availability of nutrients over time, an increased utilization of fertilizer, an increased utilization of nutrients, a decreased susceptibility to a plant disease requiring wet leaf surfaces for infection, a decreased susceptibility to infection by the plant disease, a reduced incidence of the plant disease, or a reduced incidence of infection by the plant disease, in each case as compared to the WT plant without the increased activity grown under the same conditions.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the genetically altered plant does not comprise increased activity of zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) protein, violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) protein, or both, as compared to the WT plant, and wherein the genetically altered plant does not comprise reduced activity of K+ efflux antiporter 3 (KEA3) as compared to the WT plant.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein increased activity is increased expression.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the increased expression is due to expression of a heterologous PsbS protein.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the increased expression is due to overexpression of an endogenous PsbS protein.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant is not a tobacco plant.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selecting for increased water use efficiency comprises measuring stomatal conductance.