Multi-layer composite gas separation membranes, methods for preparation, and use
Methods and systems for producing and using multi-layer composite co-polyimide membranes, one method for producing including preparing a microporous or mesoporous membrane support material for coating; applying a sealing layer to the membrane support material to prevent intrusion into the membrane support material of co-polyimide polymer; applying a first permselective co-polyimide layer atop and in contact with the sealing layer; and applying a second permselective co-polyimide layer atop and in contact with the first permselective co-polyimide layer.
1. A method for producing a multi-layer composite co-polyimide membrane, the method comprising the steps of:
preparing a microporous or mesoporous membrane support material for coating;
applying a sealing layer to the membrane support material to prevent intrusion into the membrane support material of a co-polyimide polymer;
applying a first permselective co-polyimide layer comprising the co-polyimide polymer, the co-polyimide polymer comprising block (6FDA-CARDO)/(6FDA-durene) atop and in contact with the sealing layer; and
applying a second permselective co-polyimide layer comprising block (6FDA-CARDO)/(6FDA-durene) atop and in contact with the first permselective co-polyimide layer.
2. The method according to claim 1 , where the first permselective co-polyimide layer and second permselective co-polyimide layer further comprise random co-polymers.
3. The method according to claim 2 , where the first permselective co-polyimide layer and second permselective co-polyimide layer comprise the same random co-polymers.
4. The method according to claim 1 , where the first permselective co-polyimide layer and second permselective co-polyimide layer result in a thickness between about 1-3 μm.
5. The method according to claim 1 , where the sealing layer comprises a solvent material being the same as a solvent material into which a first co-polyimide of the first permselective co-polyimide layer and into which a second co-polyimide of the second permselective co-polyimide layer are dissolved for the steps of applying the first permselective co-polyimide layer and second permselective co-polyimide layer.
6. The method according to claim 1 , where the sealing layer further comprises a gutter layer.
7. The method according to claim 6 , where the gutter layer comprises poly [1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP).
8. The method according to claim 1 , where the microporous or mesoporous membrane support material for coating includes a support material selected from the group consisting of: flat sheet support material; hollow fiber support material; and combinations thereof.
9. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of crosslinking the first permselective co-polyimide layer and the second permselective co-polyimide layer.
10. The method according to claim 1 , where the sealing layer comprises a component selected from the group consisting of: Chloroform (CHCl 3 ); N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF); dichloromethane (DCM); N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc); Acetone; Tetrahydrofuran (THF); N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP); tetra chloromethane (CCl 4 )); and combinations of the same.
11. The method according to claim 1 , where a step of drying is carried out after each of the steps of applying the sealing layer, applying the first permselective co-polyimide layer, and applying the second permselective co-polyimide layer.
12. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of formulating a first co-polyimide for the first permselective co-polyimide layer and a step of formulating a second co-polyimide for the second permselective co-polyimide layer, where the steps of formulating comprise combining more than one monomer in a mixture of monomers, where the more than one monomer is selected from the group consisting of: 2,2′-bis-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA); 1,3-phenylenediamine (mPDA); durene diamine; 3,4,9,10-perylentetracarbonsauredianhydrid (PTCDA); pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA); 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)triptycene (BAPT); 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-2-azabenzimidazole (TBB); 4,4′-(9-Fluorenylidene)dianiline (FDA); and 4,4′-Oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODA).
13. The method according to claim 1 , where the first permselective co-polyimide layer or second permselective co-polyimide layer further comprises a polymer unit selected from the group consisting of: (6FDA-mPDA)/(6FDA-durene); (6FDA-PTCDA-FDA); (6FDA-TBB-FDA); (6FDA-B APT-FDA); (PTCDA-FDA)/(PMDA-mPDA); (PMDA-FDA)/(PTCDA-mPDA); (ODA-FDA)/(PTCDA-mPDA); (6FDA-BAPT)/(6FDA-FDA); (PTCDA-mPDA)/(6FDA-FDA); (PTCDA-FDA)/(ODA-mPDA); (PTCDA-FDA)/(6FDA-FDA); (6FDA-TBB)/(6FDA-FDA); (6FDA-TBB)/(6FDA-durene); (6FDA-mPDA)/(6FDA-B APT); (PTCDA-mPDA)/(6FDA-FDA); (6FDA-mPDA-BAPT); and (6FDA-FDA-mPDA).
14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of formulating a first co-polyimide for the first permselective co-polyimide layer and a step of formulating a second co-polyimide for the second permselective co-polyimide layer, where the steps of formulating comprise combining at least three distinct moieties polymerized together, the moieties including a 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) based moiety; a 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl) fluorene (CARDO) based moiety; and 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (durene diamine) based moiety.
15. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of formulating a first co-polyimide for the first permselective co-polyimide layer and a step of formulating a second co-polyimide for the second permselective co-polyimide layer, where the steps of formulating comprise combining at least three distinct moieties polymerized together, the three distinct moieties including a first moiety, a second moiety, and a third moiety;
wherein the first moiety comprises a 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) based moiety;
the second moiety comprises a 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline (6FpDA) based moiety; and
the third moiety comprises a component selected from the group consisting of: a 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl) fluorene (CARDO) based moiety; a 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (durene diamine) based moiety; a 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (ABL-21) based moiety; a 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine based moiety; and a 3,3′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline based moiety.
16. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of formulating a first co-polyimide for the first permselective co-polyimide layer and a step of formulating a second co-polyimide for the second permselective co-polyimide layer, where the steps of formulating comprise combining at least three distinct moieties polymerized together, the three distinct moieties including a first moiety, a second moiety, and a third moiety;
wherein the first moiety comprises a 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) based moiety;
the second moiety comprises a 2,4,6-trimethyl-m-phenylenediamine (DAM) based moiety; and
the third moiety comprises a component selected from the group consisting of: a 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline (6FpDA) based moiety; a 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl) fluorene (CARDO) based moiety; a 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (durene diamine) based moiety; a 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (ABL-21) based moiety; a 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine based moiety; and a 3,3′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline based moiety.
17. The method according to claim 1 , where the first permselective layer or second permselective layer comprises a 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) based moiety and a 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (ABL-21) based moiety.
18. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of formulating a first co-polyimide for the first permselective co-polyimide layer and formulating a second co-polyimide for the second permselective co-polyimide layer, where the steps of formulating comprise combining at least three distinct moieties polymerized together, the three distinct moieties including a first moiety, a second moiety, and a third moiety;
wherein the first moiety comprises a dianhydride selected from the group consisting of: a 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) based moiety; a benzophenone-3,3′, 4,4′-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) based moiety; and a pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) based moiety;
wherein the second moiety comprises a 2,4,6-trimethyl-m-phenylenediamine (DAM) based moiety; and
wherein the third moiety comprises a component selected from the group consisting of: a 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline (6FpDA) based moiety; a 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl) fluorene (CARDO) based moiety; a 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (durene diamine) based moiety; a 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (ABL-21) based moiety; a 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine based moiety; and a 3,3′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline based moiety.
19. A method of gas separation, the method comprising the step of:
applying the multi-layer composite co-polyimide membrane of claim 1 to separate at least 2 components of a mixed gas stream.
20. The method according to claim 19 , where feed pressure of the mixed gas stream to a feed side of the membrane is up to about 900 psig and H 2 S content of the mixed gas stream is up to about 22 volume percent.