Catheter with high density electrode spine array
A catheter adapted or high density mapping and/or ablation of tissue surface has a distal electrode matrix having a plurality of spines arranged in parallel configuration on which a multitude of electrodes are carried in a grid formation for providing uniformity and predictability in electrode placement on the tissue surface. The matrix can be dragged against the tissue surface upon deflection (and/or release of the deflection) of the catheter. The spines generally maintain their parallel configuration and the multitude of electrodes generally maintain their predetermined relative spacing in the grid formation as the matrix is dragged across the tissue surface in providing very high density mapping signals. The spines may have free distal ends, or distal ends that are joined to form loops for maintaining the spines in parallel configuration.
1. A catheter comprising:
an elongated catheter body defining a longitudinal axis; and
a generally planar distal electrode assembly distal of the catheter body, the distal electrode assembly including a first loop comprising a first pair of spines, a second loop comprising a second pair of spines, and a third loop comprising a third pair of spines,
in which each spine of the first, second and third pairs of spines comprises a first curved section extending out of the catheter body and a linear section,
in which each spine of the first, second, and third pairs of spines is connected to the other spine of the respective pair by a U-shaped section, and
in which each linear section includes at least four electrodes disposed thereon and spaced apart at generally equal distances from each other such that the first, second and third loops comprise at least 24 electrodes disposed in a rectangular grid pattern.
2. The catheter of claim 1 , in which each linear section of each of the first, second and third loops includes eight electrodes.
3. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the U-shaped section of the first loop contacts the U-shaped section of the second loop at first intersecting location and the U-shaped section of the third loop at a second interesting location.
4. The catheter of claim 3 , in which the first loop and the second loop are attached at the intersection location.
5. The catheter of claim 3 , in which the first loop and the second loop are attached at the intersection location are attached at the intersection location by glue.
6. The catheter of claim 3 , in which the first loop and the second loop are attached at the intersection location are attached at the intersection by heat bonding.
7. The catheter of claim 3 , wherein the U-shaped section of the second loop contacts the U-shaped section of the third loop at a third intersecting location.