Radiotherapy treatment planning based on treatment delivery efficiency

1. A method for a computer system to perform radiotherapy treatment planning based on treatment delivery efficiency, wherein the method comprises:

configuring at least one dosimetric planning objective for a subject requiring radiotherapy treatment;

configuring at least one non-dosimetric planning objective based on a parameter for operation of a radiotherapy treatment delivery system, wherein the parameter affects efficiency of treatment delivery by the radiotherapy treatment delivery system to the subject;

generating a set of multiple treatment plan variants based on the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective;

identifying, from the set of multiple treatment plan variants, a first treatment plan associated with a first tradeoff among the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective; and

identifying, from the set of multiple treatment plan variants, a second treatment plan associated with a second tradeoff that varies from the first tradeoff, wherein the second treatment plan is associated with improved efficiency of treatment delivery compared to the first treatment plan.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein configuring the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective based on the parameter comprises:

configuring the at least one non-dosimetric objective based on one or more of the following parameters: treatment delivery duration, monitor unit, fluence smoothing level, adjacent leaf synchronization level, dose rate modulation level, leaf modulation level, primary fluence mode, number of treatment fields, number of isocenter positions, allowed range for a machine axis, maximum machine axis speed and type of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) technique.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants that are associated with respective levels of efficiency in the form of treatment delivery durations.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating, for treatment delivery based on volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), the set of multiple treatment plan variants by scaling at least one of the following: dose speed limit, gantry speed limit and collimator leaf speed limit.

5. The method of claim 3 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating, for treatment delivery based on intensity modulation radiotherapy treatment (IMRT), the set of multiple treatment plan variants by varying an IMRT fluence smoothing parameter.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating a balanced treatment plan based on an equal tradeoff among the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective; and

generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants based on the balanced treatment plan.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the second treatment plan comprises:

constructing a Pareto surface based on the set of multiple treatment plan variants, being Pareto-optimal treatment plans; and

starting from a point representing the first treatment plan on the Pareto surface, navigating the Pareto surface to identify the second treatment plan associated with the improved efficiency of treatment delivery.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that includes a set of instructions which, in response to execution by a processor of a computer system, cause the processor to perform a method of radiotherapy treatment planning based on treatment delivery efficiency, wherein the method comprises:

configuring at least one dosimetric planning objective for a subject requiring radiotherapy treatment;

configuring at least one non-dosimetric planning objective based on a parameter for operation of a radiotherapy treatment delivery system, wherein the parameter affects efficiency of treatment delivery by the radiotherapy treatment delivery system to the subject;

generating a set of multiple treatment plan variants based on the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective;

identifying, from the set of multiple treatment plan variants, a first treatment plan associated with a first tradeoff among the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective; and

identifying, from the set of multiple treatment plan variants, a second treatment plan associated with a second tradeoff that varies from the first tradeoff, wherein the second treatment plan is associated with improved efficiency of treatment delivery compared to the first treatment plan.

9. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 , wherein configuring the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective based on the parameter comprises:

configuring the at least one non-dosimetric objective based on one or more of the following parameters: treatment delivery duration, monitor unit, fluence smoothing level, adjacent leaf synchronization level, dose rate modulation level, leaf modulation level, primary fluence mode, number of treatment fields, number of isocenter positions, allowed range for a machine axis, maximum machine axis speed and type of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) technique.

10. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants that are associated with respective levels of efficiency in the form of treatment delivery durations.

11. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating, for treatment delivery based on volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), the set of multiple treatment plan variants by scaling at least one of the following: dose speed limit, gantry speed limit and collimator leaf speed limit.

12. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating, for treatment delivery based on intensity modulation radiotherapy treatment (IMRT), the set of multiple treatment plan variants by varying an IMRT fluence smoothing parameter.

13. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 , wherein generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants comprises:

generating a balanced treatment plan based on an equal tradeoff among the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective; and

generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants based on the balanced treatment plan.

14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 , wherein identifying the second treatment plan comprises:

constructing a Pareto surface based on the set of multiple treatment plan variants, being Pareto-optimal treatment plans; and

starting from a point representing the first treatment plan on the Pareto surface, navigating the Pareto surface to identify the second treatment plan associated with the improved efficiency of treatment delivery.

15. A computer system, comprising a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:

configure at least one dosimetric planning objective for a subject requiring radiotherapy treatment;

configure at least one non-dosimetric planning objective based on a parameter for operation of a radiotherapy treatment delivery system, wherein the parameter affects efficiency of treatment delivery by the radiotherapy treatment delivery system to the subject;

generate a set of multiple treatment plan variants based on the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective;

identify, from the set of multiple treatment plan variants, a first treatment plan associated with a first tradeoff among the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective; and

identify, from the set of multiple treatment plan variants, a second treatment plan associated with a second tradeoff that varies from the first tradeoff, wherein the second treatment plan is associated with improved efficiency of treatment delivery compared to the first treatment plan.

16. The computer system of claim 15 , wherein the instructions for configuring the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective based on the parameter cause the processor to:

configure the at least one non-dosimetric objective based on one or more of the following parameters: treatment delivery duration, monitor unit, fluence smoothing level, adjacent leaf synchronization level, dose rate modulation level, leaf modulation level, primary fluence mode, number of treatment fields, number of isocenter positions, allowed range for a machine axis, maximum machine axis speed and type of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) technique.

17. The computer system of claim 15 , wherein the instructions for generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants cause the processor to:

generate the set of multiple treatment plan variants that are associated with respective levels of efficiency in the form of treatment delivery durations.

18. The computer system of claim 15 , wherein the instructions for generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants cause the processor to:

generate, for treatment delivery based on volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), the set of multiple treatment plan variants by scaling at least one of the following: dose speed limit, gantry speed limit and collimator leaf speed limit.

19. The computer system of claim 18 , wherein the instructions for generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants cause the processor to:

generate, for treatment delivery based on intensity modulation radiotherapy treatment (IMRT), the set of multiple treatment plan variants by varying an IMRT fluence smoothing parameter.

20. The computer system of claim 15 , wherein the instructions for generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants cause the processor to:

generate a balanced treatment plan based on an equal tradeoff among the at least one dosimetric planning objective and the at least one non-dosimetric planning objective; and

generating the set of multiple treatment plan variants based on the balanced treatment plan.

21. The computer system of claim 15 , wherein the instructions for identifying the second treatment plan cause the processor to:

construct a Pareto surface based on the set of multiple treatment plan variants, being Pareto-optimal treatment plans; and

starting from a point representing the first treatment plan on the Pareto surface, navigate the Pareto surface to identify the second treatment plan associated with the improved efficiency of treatment delivery.