Instrument, instrument head, application system and method
An instrument with a first conduit for emitting a first fluid from a first opening of the first conduit in an axial direction into a reacceleration zone and with a second conduit for channeling of a second fluid in the reacceleration zone in the axial direction is provided such that active ingredient components, e.g. cells, of the second fluid are reaccelerated in the axial direction as a result of a flow in the reacceleration zone by means of the first fluid that enters the reacceleration zone. A coaxial configuration of the first and the second conduit is preferred, because in doing so, around the first opening a shell jet of the second fluid can be created that flows downstream in the axial direction around a central working jet. In addition, a head for an inventive instrument and an application system with an inventive instrument is provided.
1 . An instrument comprising:
a nozzle having a first section defined by a first interior cross-sectional diameter and a nozzle opening, and a second section defined by an interior diameter greater than the first interior cross-sectional diameter and having an interior conical shape; and
a tube within the nozzle extending from the second section of the nozzle into the first section of the nozzle, the tube comprising a cylindrical end with an opening that opens within the first section of the nozzle upstream from the nozzle opening of the first section, whereby
an area extending from the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube and the nozzle opening of the first section defines a reacceleration zone,
the tube is configured to deliver a first fluid in an axial direction of the instrument to the reacceleration zone at a first velocity sufficient to form a channel in a tissue,
the second section of the nozzle configured to accelerate a flow of a second fluid upstream from the reacceleration zone and to deliver the second fluid to the reacceleration zone,
wherein the reacceleration zone is fluidically connected to both an inside of the tube and the second section of the nozzle at a same time.
2 . The instrument of claim 1 , wherein:
the second section of the nozzle defines a preacceleration zone upstream of the reacceleration zone,
the instrument is configured to preaccelerate the second fluid in the axial direction of the instrument in the preacceleration zone, and
the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube opens into the reacceleration zone such that the tube is configured to output the first fluid into the reacceleration zone to reaccelerate the second fluid in the axial direction of the instrument.
3 . The instrument of claim 1 , wherein:
the nozzle concentrically surrounds the tube at the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube, and
the nozzle being configured to direct the flow of the second fluid around the first fluid in a ring-shaped shell jet when the first fluid exits from the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube and the second fluid exits the second section of the nozzle.
4 . The instrument of claim 1 , wherein the nozzle further comprises a wall that is elastic.
5 . The instrument of claim 1 , further comprising:
a centering device arranged radially between the tube and the nozzle.
6 . The instrument of claim 1 , wherein the instrument is configured to channel the first fluid and the second fluid adjacent to each other until the first fluid and the second fluid reach a transition location and to channel the first fluid and the second fluid coaxially after the transition location.
7 . The instrument of claim 1 , wherein the instrument is configured to inject ingredients within the second fluid into the tissue in a needleless manner.
8 . The instrument of claim 1 , wherein the tube comprises the first fluid therein, the second section comprises the second fluid therein, and the reacceleration zone comprises both the first fluid and the second fluid therein.
9 . An application system comprising:
the instrument according to claim 1 ; and
a supply device that is in fluid connection with the tube and the nozzle and configured to supply the first fluid and the second fluid in a sequence of supply intervals, wherein the sequence of supply intervals comprises a first working supply interval and a second working supply interval.
10 . The application system of claim 9 , wherein the supply device is configured to:
supply the first fluid to the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube at the first velocity during the first working fluid supply interval,
supply the first fluid to the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube at a second velocity that is less than the first velocity during the second working fluid supply interval, and
supply the second fluid to the reacceleration zone, via the nozzle, at a velocity that is less than the second velocity of the first fluid during at least a portion of the second working fluid supply interval.
11 . The application system of claim 9 , wherein the supply device is configured to:
supply the first fluid to the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube at the first velocity during the first working fluid supply interval,
supply the first fluid to the opening of the cylindrical end of the tube at a second velocity that is equal to the first velocity during the second working fluid supply interval, and
supply the second fluid to the reacceleration zone, via the nozzle, at a third velocity that is less than the second velocity of the first fluid during at least a portion of the second working fluid supply interval.
12 . The application system of claim 9 , wherein the supply device and the instrument are configured to preaccelerate the second fluid upstream from the reacceleration zone to a second velocity that is less than the first velocity of the first fluid.
13 . The application system of claim 9 , wherein the supply device and the instrument are configured to preaccelerate a cell suspension within the second fluid upstream from the reacceleration zone to a second velocity that is less than the first velocity of the first fluid.