System for non-terrestrial communications

1. A terrestrial node of a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node comprises a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node, the terrestrial node, the terrestrial node comprising:

a non-terrestrial signal receiver configured to receive the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet from the non-terrestrial node;

a memory configured to buffer the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet;

a terrestrial signal receiver configured to receive the acknowledgement command or the non-acknowledgement command from the user equipment; and

a terrestrial signal transmitter configured to retransmit the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet to the user equipment as response to the non-acknowledgment command;

wherein the terrestrial node is configured to listen to a data signal from the non-terrestrial node in order to receive the data packet sent to the user equipment;

wherein the terrestrial node comprises a decoder which is configured to decode the data packet in order to generate at least one redundancy version of the data packet; and wherein the decoder performs the decoding and generating the redundancy versions for each data packet received by the satellite signal receiver independent on a request.

2. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the terrestrial node is configured to forward another data packet received from the user equipment to the non-terrestrial node.

3. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the HARQ controller is integrated into the terrestrial node and configured to decode the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgment command and to control the retransmission.

4. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the terrestrial node is configured to forward the acknowledgement command or the non-acknowledgement command to the gateway via the satellite.

5. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the decoder is configured to decode and generate data packets on request.

6. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the decoder is configured to receive an information from the user equipment regarding the reception signal quality and to suppress the decoding and generating, when the reception signal quality is marked as idle or when non.

7. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the decoder is configured to decode the data packet, when the user equipment is associated with the terrestrial node, and to suppress the decoding, in case the user equipment is not associated with the terrestrial node.

8. The terrestrial node according to claim 1 , wherein the terrestrial node is configured to receive the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet via a separate channel from the non-terrestrial node.

9. A method for operating a terrestrial node a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node comprises a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node, the method comprises the following steps:

listening to a data signal from the non-terrestrial node in order to receive the data packet sent to the user equipment;

receiving the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet from the non-terrestrial node using a non-terrestrial signal receiver;

buffering the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet using a memory;

receiving the acknowledgment command or the non-acknowledgment command from the user equipment using the terrestrial signal receiver; and

retransmitting the buffered data packet or the buffered redundancy version of the data packet to the user equipment using a terrestrial transceiver as response to the non-acknowledgment command;

decoding the data packet in order to generate at least one redundancy version of the data packet; and performing the decoding and generating the redundancy versions for each data packet received by the satellite signal receiver independent on a request.

10. A system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node is formed according to claim 1 .

11. The satellite according to claim 10 , wherein the one or more transmitters are configured to transmit the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet to the terrestrial node using dedicated wide band channel.

12. The satellite according to claim 10 , wherein the HARQ controller is integrated into the gateway and controls the transmitter of the satellite, wherein the transmitter of the satellite is controlled by the gateway which assigns different resources for transmitting the data packet to the user equipment and for transmitting the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet to the terrestrial node.

13. The satellite according to claim 10 , wherein the transmitter of the satellite is controlled by the gateway which assigns different resources for transmitting the data packet to the user equipment and for transmitting the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet to the terrestrial node.

14. A satellite of a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment as well as a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node,

the satellite comprising: a memory which is configured to buffer the data packet to be sent to the user equipment or a redundancy version of the data packet;

wherein the satellite is configured to forward the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet to the terrestrial node in order to buffer same at the terrestrial node; and wherein the forwarded redundancy versions of the data packet are different redundancy versions when compared to the redundancy versions buffered by the memory of the satellite.

15. The satellite according to claim 14 , wherein the HARQ controller is integrated into the gateway or the terrestrial node and configured to control the buffering of the redundancy versions performed by the satellite or the terrestrial node.

16. A method for operating a satellite or system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment as well as a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node, the method comprises the following steps:

buffering the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet by a memory of the satellite; or

forwarding the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet to a terrestrial node, such that the terrestrial node buffers the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet;

forwarding the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet to the terrestrial node in order to buffer same at the terrestrial node; and wherein the forwarded redundancy versions of the data packet are different redundancy versions when compared to the redundancy versions buffered by the memory of the satellite.

17. A non-transitory digital storage medium having a computer program stored thereon to perform the method for operating a terrestrial node of a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node comprises a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node, the method comprises the following steps:

listening to a data signal from the non-terrestrial node in order to receive the data packet sent to the user equipment;

receiving the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet from the non-terrestrial node using a non-terrestrial signal receiver;

buffering the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet using a memory;

receiving the acknowledgment command and/or the non-acknowledgment command from the user equipment using the terrestrial signal receiver; and

retransmitting the buffered data packet or the buffered redundancy version of the data packet to the user equipment using a terrestrial transceiver as response to the non-acknowledgment command,

decoding the data packet in order to generate at least one redundancy version of the data packet; and performing the decoding and generating the redundancy versions for each data packet received by the satellite signal receiver independent on a request,

when said computer program is run by a computer.

18. A non-transitory digital storage medium having a computer program stored thereon to perform the method for operating a satellite or system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment as well as a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node, the method comprises the following steps:

buffering the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet by a memory of the satellite; or

forwarding the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet to a terrestrial node, such that the terrestrial node buffers the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet;

forwarding the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet to the terrestrial node in order to buffer same at the terrestrial node; and wherein the forwarded redundancy versions of the data packet are different redundancy versions when compared to the redundancy versions buffered by the memory of the satellite

when said computer program is run by a computer.

19. A terrestrial node of a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node comprises a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment via a non-terrestrial channel, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze a channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel and to transmit an information regarding the channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel to the base station, the terrestrial node comprising:

a non-terrestrial signal receiver configured to receive the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet from the non-terrestrial node;

a memory configured to buffer the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet;

a terrestrial signal receiver configured to receive the information regarding the channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel from the user equipment; and

a terrestrial signal transmitter configured to retransmit the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet to the user equipment as response to a channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel below a threshold;

wherein the terrestrial node is configured to listen to a data signal from the non-terrestrial node in order to receive the data packet sent to the user equipment;

wherein the terrestrial node comprises a decoder which is configured to decode the data packet in order to generate at least one redundancy version of the data packet; and wherein the decoder performs the decoding and generating the redundancy versions for each data packet received by the satellite signal receiver independent on a request.

20. A method for operating a terrestrial node a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node comprises a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment via a non-terrestrial channel, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze a channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel and to transmit an information regarding the channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel to the base station, the method comprises the following steps:

listening to a data signal from the non-terrestrial node in order to receive the data packet sent to the user equipment;

receiving the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet from the non-terrestrial node using a non-terrestrial signal receiver;

buffering the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet using a memory;

receiving the information regarding the channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel from the user equipment using the terrestrial signal receiver; and

retransmitting the buffer data packet or the buffered redundancy version of the data packet to the user equipment using a terrestrial transceiver as response to a channel quality of the non-terrestrial channel below a threshold;

decoding the data packet in order to generate at least one redundancy version of the data packet; and performing the decoding and generating the redundancy versions for each data packet received by the satellite signal receiver independent on a request.

21. A terrestrial node of a system, the system comprising a gateway, a non-terrestrial node, a terrestrial node and at least a user equipment, wherein terrestrial node comprises a HARQ controller, wherein the gateway is configured to forward a data packet, said data packet to be transmitted to the user equipment, to the non-terrestrial node, wherein the non-terrestrial node is configured to forward the received data packet to the user equipment using a signal, wherein the user equipment is configured to analyze the received data packet with regard to a transmission error or to analyze the signal from the non-terrestrial node with regard to a signal quality and to generate a negative acknowledgment command or an acknowledgement command dependent on the transmission error or to generate another signal indicating the reception signal quality dependent on the reception signal quality, wherein the user equipment is configured to transmit the acknowledgement command and the non-acknowledgement command or the other signal to the terrestrial node which communicates with the non-terrestrial node, the terrestrial node, the terrestrial node comprising:

a non-terrestrial signal receiver configured to receive the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet from the non-terrestrial node;

a memory configured to buffer the data packet or the redundancy version of the data packet;

a terrestrial signal receiver configured to receive the acknowledgement command or the non-acknowledgement command from the user equipment; and

a terrestrial signal transmitter configured to retransmit the data packet or a redundancy version of the data packet to the user equipment as response to the non-acknowledgment command;

wherein the terrestrial node is configured to listen to a data signal from the non-terrestrial node in order to receive the data packet sent to the user equipment;

wherein the terrestrial node comprises a decoder which is configured to decode the data packet in order to generate at least one redundancy version of the data packet; and wherein the decoder performs the decoding and generating the redundancy versions for each data packet received by the satellite signal receiver independent on a request.