Small molecule and polymeric anions for lithium-solvate complexes: synthesis and battery applications
Electrolytes and polymers for a lithium battery can include a fluorinated aryl sulfonimide salt or fluorinated aryl sulfonimide polymer.
1. A composition comprising a compound of formula I:
wherein
M is a metal cation;
R 1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or alkoxy; and
R 2 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or alkoxy,
wherein at least one of R 1 and R 2 is substituted and includes at least one fluorine and wherein the composition is a solvate ionic liquid.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein M is a lithium ion, a sodium ion, or a potassium ion.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a fluorinated C1-C6 alkyl.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 2 is a fluorinated aryl.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 2 is a fluorinated aryl optionally substituted with one or more amino group, alkoxy group or alkylthio group.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the formula:
wherein Q is a fluoro, an alkoxy group or alkylthio group.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Q is fluoro, C1-C4 alkylthio, C1-C4 alkoxy, or a polyolefin including a thio or oxy moiety.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound is:
9. A composition comprising a compound comprising a polyolefin including a thio or oxy moiety and having a structure of formula II or formula III
wherein n is 1-10,000;
each m is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and
Z is
wherein M is a metal cation;
R 1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or alkoxy;
R 3 is alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, heteroarylene, or alkyleneoxy; and
L is O or S; and
wherein at least one of R 1 and R 2 is substituted and includes at least one fluorine and wherein the composition is a solvate ionic liquid.
10. A composition of claim 9 , wherein the polyolefin has a structure of formula (IV) or (V):
11. The composition of claim 9 , wherein M is a lithium ion, a sodium ion, or a potassium ion.
12. The composition of claim 9 , wherein R 1 is a fluorinated C1-C6 alkyl.
13. The composition of claim 9 , wherein R 3 is a fluorinated arylene.
14. The composition of claim 9 , wherein R 3 is a fluorinated arylene optionally substituted with one or more amino group, alkoxy group or alkylthio group.
15. The composition of claim 9 , wherein R 1 is trifluoromethyl and R 3 is fluorinated phenylene.
16. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the compound is:
17. A battery including a composition of claim 1 .
18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the solvate ionic liquid includes tetraglyme.
19. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the solvate ionic liquid includes tetraglyme.