Systems and methods for delivery of a therapeutic agent
Methods and apparatus are provided for applying an fragment of a neurotoxin such as the active light chain (LC) of the botulinum toxin (BoNT), such as one of the serotype A, B, C, D, E, F or G botulinum toxins, via permeabilization of targeted cell membranes to enable translocation of the botulinum neurotoxin light chain (BoNT-LC) molecule across the targeted cell membrane to the cell cytosol where a therapeutic response is produced in a mammalian system. The methods and apparatus include use of catheter based delivery systems, non-invasive delivery systems, and transdermal delivery systems.
1. Apparatus for treatment of a nasal condition by altering function of a nasopharyngeal passage of a patient, the apparatus comprising:
a hand-held elongate body having proximal and distal portions, the distal portion being configured for positioning in a nasopharyngeal passage of a patient with the proximal portion positioned outside the nasopharyngeal passage;
an energy transmission element in the distal portion configured to deliver energy to target tissue in the nasopharyngeal passage; and
an energy source operatively coupled to the energy transmission element for supplying energy thereto according to one or more parameters selected so as to alter nasopharyngeal cells in the target tissue such that nasal congestion is reduced.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy transmission element comprises at least one electrode.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy transmission element comprises an ultrasound transducer.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy transmission element comprises a microwave antenna.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy supplying means comprises an RF generator.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy supplying means comprises an ultrasound generator.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy supplying means comprises an AC or DC current source.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy transmission element is movable relative to the distal portion of the body.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the energy transmission element is configured to deliver energy laterally relative to the distal portion of the body.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the energy transmission element is configured to extend laterally from the distal portion of the body.
11. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the energy transmission element is configured to penetrate the nasal tissue.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising: a sensing element on the distal portion of the body.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the sensing element comprises a temperature sensor.
14. The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising: a monitoring system operatively coupled to the sensing element for indicating a degree of treatment of the target tissue.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising: an agent delivery element in the distal portion of the body configured to deliver a therapeutic agent to the target tissue.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the agent delivery element comprises a porous member through which the agent may be delivered.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the agent delivery element comprises an inflatable member.
18. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the agent delivery element comprises an injection element configured to penetrate the target tissue.
19. The apparatus of claim 15 , further comprising: a source of therapeutic agent coupled to the proximal portion of the body.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a neurotoxin.
21. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the energy source and the energy transmission element are configured to deliver the energy so as to disable adrenergic cells in the target tissue.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the energy is delivered so as to block or disrupt acetycholine release in the adrenergic cells.
23. Apparatus for treatment of a nasal condition by altering function of a nasopharyngeal passage of a patient, the apparatus comprising:
a hand-held elongate body having proximal and distal portions, the distal portion being configured for positioning in a nasopharyngeal passage of a patient with the proximal portion positioned outside the nasopharyngeal passage; and
a transmission element in the distal portion configured to change the temperature of target tissue in the nasopharyngeal passage so as to disrupt neural activity in the target tissue such that nasal congestion is reduced.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the transmission element is configured to transfer thermal energy between the transmission element and the target tissue.
25. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the transmission element is configured to change the temperature of the target tissue so as to disable adrenergic cells therein.
26. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the transmission element is configured to change the temperature of the target tissue so as to block or disrupt acetycholine production in nasopharyngeal cells.
27. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the transmission element is configured to contain a fluid to change the temperature of the target tissue.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the transmission element comprises an injection device configured to direct the fluid to the target tissue.
29. The apparatus of claim 28 , wherein the fluid is heated.