Cement additives
A cement composition and set cement including cement and a sliding-ring polymer. A system and method of applying the cement composition.
1. A cement composition comprising:
cement at an amount greater than any other constituent in the cement composition;
water at an amount greater than any other constituent in the cement composition, except for the cement;
a sliding-ring polymer comprising a polyrotaxane and a polymer, wherein the polymer is bonded to the polyrotaxane; and
a defoamer that restricts foam formation in the cement composition, wherein the cement composition is a cement slurry.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cement comprises Portland cement, and wherein the sliding-ring polymer comprises cyclodextrin rings.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyrotaxane comprises multiple rings threaded on a polymeric chain, the rings each comprising a cyclic organic compound.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the rings do not form a covalent bond with the polymeric chain, wherein the rings as threaded form a movable cross-linked mechanical bond with the polymeric chain, and wherein the sliding-ring polymer comprises the polyrotaxane in a range of 2 weight percent to 60 weight percent.
5. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the polymeric chain comprises a linear polymeric chain, wherein the polyrotaxane comprises an end group on the linear polymeric chain to restrict de-threading of the rings, wherein the cement comprises cement particles, and wherein the sliding-ring polymer binds with the cement particles.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the end group comprises two end groups comprising a first end group on a first end of the linear polymeric chain and a second end group on a second end of the linear polymeric chain, wherein the cement comprises metal ions, wherein the sliding-ring polymer binds with the cement particles through functionalities of the sliding-ring polymer reacting with the metal ions of the cement, and wherein the sliding-ring polymer promotes distribution of stresses in the cement as set.
7. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the polymer bonded to the polyrotaxane comprises a first polymer anchored to a first set of the rings and a second polymer anchored to a second set of the rings.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein anchored comprises cross-linked, wherein the cyclic organic compound comprises a cyclodextrin, wherein the cement composition comprises a suspending agent and a dispersant, and wherein the sliding-ring polymer decreases Young's Modulus of the cement as set.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sliding-ring polymer decreases stiffness of the cement as set.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cement composition as cured comprises a compressive strength in a range of 10 megapascal (MPa) to 150 MPa.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cement composition is set cement comprising the cement, the water, the sliding-ring polymer, and the defoamer, and wherein the sliding-ring polymer decreases shear modulus of the set cement.
12. The composition of claim 1 , comprising the cement at greater than half of the cement composition by weight.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the defoamer reduces formation of air bubbles or trapped air in the cement composition.
14. The composition of claim 1 , comprising a dispersant, wherein the dispersant modifies slurry rheology of the cement composition.
15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the defoamer comprises glycol, polyglycol, or silicon, or any combination thereof.
16. The composition of claim 1 , comprising a dispersant that facilitates mixing and placement of the cement composition as the cement slurry.
17. The composition of claim 1 , comprising a dispersant that reduces flocculation of particles of the cement in the composition.
18. The composition of claim 1 , comprising polyunsulfonated naphthalene (PNS), hydroxycarboxylic acid, polycarboxylic acid, or polycarboxylate ether, or any combinations thereof.
19. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyrotaxane is not covalently bonded to the polymer, and wherein the polymer comprises a weight-average molecular weight of at least 10,000 grams per mole.
20. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer bonded to the polyrotaxane comprises the polymer cross-linked to the polyrotaxane.
21. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer bonded to the polyrotaxane comprises the polymer bonded to a ring of the polyrotaxane.
22. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ring is chemically modified to facilitate bonding of the polymer to the polyrotaxane.
23. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer bonded to the polyrotaxane comprises the polymer bonded to the polyrotaxane via a functional group of a ring of the polyrotaxane.
24. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer bonded to the polyrotaxane comprises the polymer bonded to a functionalized ring of the polyrotaxane.
25. The composition of claim 24 , wherein functionalized comprises hydroxylpropylation.
26. A cement composition comprising:
cement at an amount greater than any other constituent in the cement composition, wherein the cement comprises Portland cement;
water at an amount greater than any other constituent in the cement composition, except for the cement; and
a sliding-ring polymer comprising a polyrotaxane and a polymer, wherein the polymer is bonded to the polyrotaxane.
27. A cement composition comprising:
cement at an amount greater than any other constituent in the cement composition, wherein the cement comprises Portland cement;
water;
a sliding-ring polymer comprising a polyrotaxane and a polymer, wherein the polymer is bonded to the polyrotaxane; and
a defoamer that restricts foam formation in the cement composition, wherein the cement composition is a cement slurry.