Delivery method of target material into extracellular vesicles using extracorporeal shockwave
Provided are a method of delivering target materials into extracellular vesicles including exposing the target materials and the extracellular vesicles to extracorporeal shockwaves, a method of preparing target material-introduced extracellular vesicles, extracellular vesicles prepared by the method, drug delivery vehicles including extracellular vesicles, and a method of delivering target materials into cells. The present disclosure exposes extracellular vesicles derived from natural organisms such as animal cells, plant cells, and microorganisms including bacteria and eukaryotic bacteria as well as artificially produced extracellular vesicles to extracorporeal shockwaves extracellularly. Thus, the high-level energy extracorporeal shockwaves can be used to deliver the target material into the extracellular vesicle efficiently. When treating with extracorporeal shockwaves, the ability of target material-introduced extracellular vesicles to incorporate into target cells also increases. According to the method of the present disclosure, the target materials can be delivered into cells with high efficiency, being utilized in various fields.
1. An extracellular vesicle prepared by exposing a target material and an isolated extracellular vesicle to an extracorporeal shockwave for i) increasing a number of the isolated extracellular vesicle, ii) increasing properties of at least one selected from the group consisting of zeta potential of the isolated extracellular vesicle and an ability of incorporation of the isolated extracellular vesicle into cells, and iii) delivering the target material into the isolated extracellular vesicle.
2. The extracellular vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the prepared extracellular vesicle has an increased ability to incorporate into a cell.
3. The extracellular vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the target material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid, a protein, and a compound.
4. The extracellular vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the extracellular vesicle includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an exosome, an ectosome, a microvesicle, and an apoptotic body.
5. The extracellular vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the extracorporeal shockwave has an energy range from 0.05 mJ/mm 2 to 0.9 mJ/mm 2 .
6. A drug delivery vehicle including the extracellular vesicle of claim 1 .