Systems and methods for cleaning an endoscopic instrument

1. A system comprising:

a medical instrument including a nozzle and a lens;

a valve configured to control provision of a pressurized fluid;

a valve control mechanism; and

a control system configured to:

determine, based on a position of the medical instrument within a patient anatomy, whether an obstruction is on a surface of the lens; and

based on a determination that the obstruction is on the surface of the lens, instruct the valve control mechanism to open the valve to release a flow of the pressurized fluid through the nozzle and over the surface of the lens.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein determining whether an obstruction is on the surface of the lens includes:

receiving an image from an imaging system of the medical instrument; and

comparing a clarity of the received image to a threshold clarity.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the determination that the obstruction is on the surface of the lens comprises a determination that the clarity of the received image does not satisfy the threshold clarity.

4. The system of claim 2 , wherein when the medical instrument is positioned in a first region of the patient anatomy, the threshold clarity is a first threshold clarity, and wherein when the medical instrument is positioned in a second region of the patient anatomy, the threshold clarity is a second threshold clarity different from the first threshold clarity.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the first region includes a region with less contrast than the second region, and wherein the first threshold clarity is greater than the second threshold clarity.

6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the first region includes a region with higher contrast than the second region, and wherein the second threshold clarity is greater than the first threshold clarity.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the control system is further configured to:

receive a first image from an imaging system of the medical instrument;

receive a second image from the imaging system of the medical instrument; and

compare a clarity of the first image to a clarity of the second image.

8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the determination that the obstruction is on the surface of the lens comprises a determination that the clarity of the first image exceeds the clarity of the second image.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pressurized fluid includes at least one of a gas or a liquid.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the flow of the pressurized fluid alternates between a flow of a gas and a flow of a liquid.

11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pressurized fluid includes at least one of air, carbon dioxide, or saline.

12. A system comprising:

a medical instrument including a nozzle and a lens;

a pressure augmenting mechanism configured to provide a pressurized fluid at a pressure that is higher than a standard operating room pressure;

a valve between the pressure augmenting mechanism and the nozzle, the valve configured to control provision of the pressurized fluid;

a valve control mechanism; and

a control system configured to:

detect an obstruction on a surface of the lens; and

based on detecting the obstruction, instruct the valve control mechanism to open the valve to release a flow of the pressurized fluid from the pressure augmenting mechanism, through the nozzle, and over the surface of the lens, wherein an amount of the flow of the pressurized fluid is determined based on a position of the medical instrument in a patient anatomy.

13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the medical instrument further includes an optical sensor, and wherein detecting the obstruction includes detecting, by the optical sensor, the obstruction.

14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the control system is further configured to:

receive an image from an imaging system of the medical instrument; and

determine an occlusion amount of the image.

15. The system of claim 14 , wherein detecting the obstruction includes determining that the occlusion amount exceeds a threshold occlusion amount.

16. The system of claim 12 , wherein detecting the obstruction includes determining, based on the position of the medical instrument within the patient anatomy, whether the obstruction is on the surface of the lens.

17. The system of claim 12 , wherein the medical instrument further includes an imaging system, and wherein detecting the obstruction includes determining, based on the position of the medical instrument within the patient anatomy, whether the obstruction is on the surface of the lens by:

receiving an image from the imaging system; and

comparing a clarity of the received image to a threshold clarity.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein determining that the obstruction is on the surface of the lens comprises determining that the clarity of the received image does not satisfy the threshold clarity.

19. The system of claim 17 , wherein when the medical instrument is positioned in a first region of the patient anatomy, the threshold clarity is a first threshold clarity, and wherein when the medical instrument is positioned in a second region of the patient anatomy, the threshold clarity is a second threshold clarity different from the first threshold clarity.

20. The system of claim 12 , wherein the pressurized fluid includes at least one of air, carbon dioxide, or saline.