Textured glass articles and methods of making the same
A glass article is provided that includes: a glass substrate comprising a thickness and a primary surface; and a textured region defined by the primary surface. The textured region comprises a plurality of sub-surface hillocks, each hillock having a top surface and a base, the base located below the primary surface of the substrate. The plurality of hillocks comprises an average lateral feature size from 0.1 μm to 3 μm and an average height from 5 nm to 200 nm. Further, the primary surface of the substrate is substantially planar.
1. A glass article, comprising:
a glass substrate comprising a thickness and a primary surface; and
a textured region defined by the primary surface,
wherein the textured region comprises a plurality of exposed, sub-surface hillocks, each hillock having a top surface and a base, the base located at a depth below the primary surface of the substrate,
wherein the plurality of hillocks comprises an average lateral feature size from 0.1 μm to 3 μm and an average height from 5 nm to 200 nm,
wherein the primary surface of the substrate is substantially planar, and
further wherein the top surface of each of the hillocks is substantially planar and substantially parallel to the primary surface.
2. The glass article according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of hillocks comprises an average lateral feature size from 0.2 μm to 2 μm.
3. The glass article according to claim 1 , wherein each of the hillocks has a mesa-like appearance with the top surface at a depth below the primary surface of the glass substrate and the base substantially round in shape.
4. The glass article according to claim 1 , wherein the base of each hillock defines a moat in the primary surface.
5. The glass article according to claim 1 , wherein the glass substrate comprises a composition selected from the group consisting of an aluminosilicate glass, a borosilicate glass, a phosphosilicate glass, a soda lime glass, an alkali aluminosilicate glass, and an alkali aluminoborosilicate glass.
6. The glass article according to claim 1 , wherein the glass substrate further comprises a compressive stress region that extends from the primary surface to a selected depth, and further wherein the compressive stress region comprises a minimum compressive stress (CS) of 200 MPa and a depth of compression (DOC) from 5 μm to 200 μm.
7. A glass article, comprising:
a glass substrate comprising a thickness and a primary surface; and
a textured region defined by the primary surface,
wherein the textured region comprises a plurality of exposed, sub-surface hillocks, each hillock having a top surface and a base, the base located at a depth below the primary surface of the substrate,
wherein the plurality of hillocks comprises an average lateral feature size from 0.1 μm to 3 μm and an average height from 5 nm to 200 nm,
wherein the glass article comprises a sparkle of less than 1% as measured by pixel power distribution (PPD) with a 140 pixels per inch (PPI) light source,
wherein the primary surface of the substrate is substantially planar, and
further wherein the top surface of each of the hillocks is substantially planar, and substantially parallel to the primary surface.
8. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein the plurality of hillocks comprises an average lateral feature size from 0.2 μm to 2 μm.
9. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein the glass substrate further comprises a compressive stress region that extends from the primary surface to a selected depth, and further wherein the compressive stress region comprises a minimum compressive stress (CS) of 200 MPa and a depth of compression (DOC) from 5 μm to 200 μm.
10. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein the glass article further comprises a transmittance of at least 90% in the visible spectrum.
11. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein the glass article further comprises a transmittance haze from 0.1% to 10%.
12. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein the glass article further comprises a gloss from 70 to 120, as measured at a 60° incident angle.
13. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein the glass substrate comprises a composition selected from the group consisting of an aluminosilicate glass, a borosilicate glass, a phosphosilicate glass, a soda lime glass, an alkali aluminosilicate glass, and an alkali aluminoborosilicate glass.
14. The glass article according to claim 7 , wherein each of the hillocks has a mesa-like appearance with the top surface at a depth below the primary surface of the glass substrate and the base substantially round in shape.
15. A method of making a glass article, comprising:
providing a glass substrate comprising a thickness and a primary surface; and
submerging the glass substrate in a molten etchant bath for an etching duration of 10 minutes to 1000 minutes, the etchant bath at an etching temperature from 350° C. to 500° C.,
wherein the etchant bath comprises (by weight):
(a) 30% to about 48% KNO 3 ;
(b) 30% to about 48% NaNO 3 ;
(c) 3% to 10% K 2 CO 3 or Na 2 CO 3 ; and
(d) 0.1% to 30% lithium salt,
wherein the submerging is conducted to form a textured region in the glass substrate, and the textured region comprises a plurality of exposed, sub-surface hillocks, each hillock having a top surface and a base, the base located at a depth below the primary surface of the substrate,
wherein the plurality of hillocks comprises an average lateral feature size from 0.1 μm to 3 μm and an average height from 5 nm to 200 nm,
wherein the primary surface of the substrate is substantially planar, and
further wherein the top surface of each of the hillocks is substantially planar and substantially parallel to the primary surface.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of LiNO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 , Li 2 SO 4 and LiCl.
17. The method according to claim 15 , further comprising:
heating the glass substrate to a temperature between 200° C. and the etching temperature, wherein the heating step is conducted before the submerging step.
18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the glass article further comprises a sparkle of less than 1% as measured by pixel power distribution (PPD) with a 140 pixels per inch (PPI) light source.
19. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the submerging step is further conducted such that the glass substrate further comprises a compressive stress region that extends from the primary surface to a selected depth, and further wherein the compressive stress region comprises a minimum compressive stress (CS) of 200 MPa and a depth of compression (DOC) from 5 μm to 200 μm.