Supporting a secure terrestrial transmitter based positioning
A device with transmitter broadcasts packets including a transmitter identifier via a radio interface with varying timings of transmissions. It determines a current timing of transmissions based on clock signals and a secret code, using a cryptographic function. A mobile device detects radio signals conveying such packets and performs measurements on the signals. It determines a currently used timing of transmissions, assembles a positioning request including the transmitter identifier, results of the measurements and an indication of the timing of transmissions, and transmits the request. A server receives the request. It generates for the transmitter an expected timing of transmissions using a cryptographic function, based on a signal of a master clock and based on a stored secret code assigned to the transmitter. It provides position information as trusted position information only in the case of a match between the indicated and the expected timing of transmissions.
1. A method, performed by a device comprising a transmitter, the method comprising:
determining, in regular intervals, a currently to be used timing of transmissions based on signals of a clock of the device, which has been synchronized with a master clock, based on a secret code assigned to the transmitter, and using a cryptographic function; and
causing a broadcast of packets via at least one radio signal from a radio interface with the currently to be used timing of transmissions, each packet including at least an identifier of the transmitter, wherein the at least one radio signal comprises a signal strength for comparison with a radio map.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the secret code is a first input to a cryptographic function and at least one signal of the clock is a second input to the cryptographic function.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cryptographic function outputs at least one time code to authenticate the transmitter using a hash function.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the at least one time code is converted to determine the timing of transmissions.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the master clock is associated with a positioning server.
6. A method, performed by a device comprising:
determining, in regular intervals, a currently to be used timing of transmissions based on signals of a clock of the device, which has been synchronized with a master clock, based on a secret code assigned to the transmitter, and using a cryptographic function;
receiving a positioning request from a mobile device, the positioning request including an indication of a timing of transmissions currently used by the transmitter for broadcasting packets;
determining whether there is a match between the currently to be used timing of transmissions and the timing of transmissions currently used by the transmitter; and
providing position information in the case of the match and in response to the positioning request.
7. The method according to claim 6 , the method comprising:
in the case of no match, requesting a new positioning request from the mobile device,
rejecting the positioning request, blocking the mobile device, or triggering an alert.
8. An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the at least one memory includes computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause at least one apparatus at least to:
determine, in regular intervals, a currently to be used timing of transmissions based on signals of a clock, which has been synchronized with a master clock, based on a secret code assigned to the transmitter, and using a cryptographic function; and
cause a broadcast of packets via at least one radio signal from a radio interface with the currently to be used timing of transmissions, each packet including at least an identifier of the transmitter, wherein the at least one radio signal comprises a signal strength for comparison with a radio map.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the secret code is a first input to a cryptographic function and at least one signal of the clock is a second input to the cryptographic function.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the cryptographic function outputs at least one time code to authenticate the transmitter using a hash function.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the at least one time code is converted to determine the timing of transmissions.
12. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the master clock is associated with a positioning server.
13. The apparatus according to claim 8 , the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause at least one apparatus at least to:
receiving a positioning request from a mobile device, the positioning request including an indication of a timing of transmissions currently used by the transmitter for broadcasting packets.
14. The apparatus according to claim 13 , the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause at least one apparatus at least to:
determining whether there is a match between the currently to be used timing of transmissions and the timing of transmissions currently used by the transmitter; and
providing position information in the case of the match.
15. The apparatus according to claim 14 , the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause at least one apparatus at least to:
in the case of no match, requesting a new positioning request from the mobile device,
rejecting the positioning request, blocking the mobile device, or triggering an alert.
16. A non-transitory computer readable medium including computer program code, the computer program code causing at least one device to perform the following when executed by at least one processor:
determining, in regular intervals, a currently to be used timing of transmissions based on signals of a clock of the device, which has been synchronized with a master clock, based on a secret code assigned to a transmitter, and using a cryptographic function; and
causing a broadcast of packets via at least one radio signal from a radio interface with the currently to be used timing of transmissions, each packet including at least an identifier of the transmitter, wherein the at least one radio signal comprises a signal strength for comparison with a radio map.
17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the secret code is a first input to a cryptographic function and at least one signal of the clock is a second input to the cryptographic function.
18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17 , wherein the cryptographic function outputs at least one time code to authenticate the transmitter using a hash function.
19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 18 , wherein the at least one time code is converted to determine the timing of transmissions.