Genetically modified mouse that expresses human albumin
Non-human animal genomes, non-human animal cells, and non-human animals comprising a humanized albumin (ALB) locus and methods of making and using such non-human animal genomes, non-human animal cells, and non-human animals are provided. Non-human animal cells or non-human animals comprising a humanized albumin locus express a human albumin protein or a chimeric albumin protein, fragments of which are from human albumin. Methods are provided for using such non-human animals comprising a humanized albumin locus to assess in vivo efficacy of human-albumin-targeting reagents such as nuclease agents designed to target human albumin.
1. A genetically modified mouse whose genome comprises a humanized albumin gene in which the region from the start codon to the stop codon of an endogenous albumin gene is replaced with a human nucleic acid sequence encoding human albumin and a human albumin signal peptide,
wherein the human nucleic acid sequence is operably linked to an endogenous albumin promoter and comprises the region from the start codon to the stop codon of a human albumin gene, and
wherein the mouse functionally expresses human albumin and has a serum level of human albumin that is at least as high as the serum level of mouse albumin in a wild type mouse.
2. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the humanized albumin gene comprises a human albumin 3′ untranslated region.
3. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the humanized albumin gene comprises the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17, 18, or 35 or encodes the protein of SEQ ID NO: 5.
4. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the humanized albumin gene further comprises a selection cassette.
5. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the mouse is homozygous for the humanized albumin gene.
6. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the mouse is heterozygous for the humanized albumin gene.
7. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the mouse comprises serum albumin levels of at least about 10 mg/mL.
8. The genetically modified mouse of claim 1 , wherein the mouse further comprises an inactivated factor 9 (F9) gene.
9. A cell isolated from the genetically modified mouse of claim 1 .
10. A genetically modified mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell whose genome comprises a humanized albumin gene in which the region from the start codon to the stop codon of an endogenous albumin gene is replaced with a human nucleic acid sequence encoding human albumin and a human albumin signal peptide,
wherein the human nucleic acid sequence is operably linked to an endogenous albumin promoter and comprises the region from the start codon to the stop codon of a human albumin gene, and
wherein a mouse derived from the mouse ES cell is capable of functionally expressing human albumin and having a serum level of human albumin that is at least as high as the serum level of mouse albumin in a wild-type mouse.
11. A targeting vector for generating a genetically modified mouse whose genome comprises a humanized albumin gene, wherein the vector:
comprises a human nucleic acid sequence encoding human albumin and a human albumin signal peptide flanked by homology arms that target a mouse albumin gene, and
is capable of generating a genetically modified mouse whose genome comprises a humanized albumin gene in which the region from the start codon to the stop codon of an endogenous albumin gene is replaced with the human nucleic acid sequence,
wherein the human nucleic acid sequence is operably linked to an endogenous albumin promoter in the humanized albumin gene and comprises the region from the start codon to the stop codon of a human albumin gene, and
wherein the mouse is capable of functionally expressing human albumin and having a serum level of human albumin that is at least as high as the serum level of mouse albumin in a wild-type mouse.
12. A method of making a genetically modified mouse that expresses human albumin, the method comprising:
(a) obtaining a genetically modified mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell whose genome comprises a humanized albumin gene;
(b) injecting the mouse ES cell into a mouse embryo;
(c) transplanting the mouse embryo into a recipient female; and
(d) obtaining a genetically modified mouse from the transplanted mouse embryo, wherein the mouse has a genome comprising the humanized albumin gene in which the region from the start codon to the stop codon of an endogenous albumin gene is replaced with a human nucleic acid sequence encoding human albumin and a human albumin signal peptide,
wherein the human nucleic acid sequence is operably linked to an endogenous albumin promoter and comprises the region from the start codon to the stop codon of a human albumin gene, and
wherein the mouse functionally expresses human albumin and has a serum level of human albumin that is at least as high as the serum level of mouse albumin in a wild-type mouse.