Compositions and methods of potentiating antimicrobials
Disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one anti-bacterial and at least one cannabinoid and methods of use in treating or preventing bacterial infection or biofilm in a subject in need thereof.
1. A method for treating or preventing a bacterial infection or bacterial biofilm comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one anti-bacterial agent, at least one cannabinoid, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the weight ratio between the at least one anti-bacterial agent, and the at least one cannabinoid is between about 250:1 to about 1:50, wherein the anti-bacterial efficacy of the composition is similar to, or better than the anti-bacterial efficacy of the same composition comprising 2 to 150 times the amount of the at least one anti-bacterial agent without the at least one cannabinoid; wherein the at least one anti-bacterial agent comprises an aminoglycoside; and wherein the at least one cannabinoid is THC or a salt thereof, CBD or a salt thereof, CBG or a salt thereof, or a mixture of THC or a salt thereof and CBD or a salt thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one anti-bacterial agent is administered intravenously, intramuscularly, topically, orally or in a nebulized form.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the pharmaceutical composition is associated with:
(a) extended the susceptibility of the bacteria to the anti-bacterial agent compared to the susceptibility of the bacteria to the anti-bacterial agent without the at least one cannabinoid;
(b) a reduced side effect compared to administration of the at least one anti-bacterial agent without the at least one cannabinoid, wherein the side effect comprises hypersensitivity towards the at least one anti-bacterial agent, an allergic reaction to the at least one anti-bacterial agent, fever, nausea, diarrhea, or any combination thereof;
(c) increased anti-bacterial activity compared to administration of the at least one anti-bacterial agent without the at least one cannabinoid; and/or
(d) an extended therapeutic window of the at least one anti-bacterial agent compared to administration of the at least one anti-bacterial agent without the at least one cannabinoid.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bacterial infection or the bacterial biofilm comprises Staphylococcus spp. infection or, Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection or biofilm, Porphyromonas spp. infection or biofilm, Moraxella spp. infection or biofilm, Peptostreptococcus spp. infection or biofilm, Enterococcus spp. infection or biofilm, Escherichia coli infection or biofilm, Klebsiella infection or biofilm, Streptococcal infection or biofilm, Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum infection or biofilm, and/or Borrelia infection or biofilm.
5. A method of treating or preventing a bacterial infection or a bacterial biofilm in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a combination of a first pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one anti-bacterial agent and a second pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one cannabinoid, wherein the at least one anti-bacterial agent comprises an aminoglycoside; and wherein the at least one cannabinoid is THC or a salt thereof, CBD or a salt thereof, CBG or a salt thereof, or a mixture of THC or a salt thereof and CBD or a salt thereof, wherein the weight ratio between the at least one anti-bacterial agent, and the at least one cannabinoid is between about 250:1 to about 1:50, wherein the anti-bacterial efficacy of the composition is similar to, or better than the anti-bacterial efficacy of the same composition comprising 2 to 150 times the amount of the at least one anti-bacterial agent without the at least one cannabinoid.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one anti-bacterial agent is administered intravenously, intramuscularly, topically, orally or in a nebulized form.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one anti-bacterial agent is administered intravenously, intramuscularly or orally.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one anti-bacterial agent is administered together or separately with the at least one cannabinoid.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aminoglycoside is gentamicin or a salt thereof.