Methods and systems for fabricating elastomer-based electronic devices and devices formed thereby
Methods and systems suitable for fabricating multi-layer elastic electronic devices, and elastic electronic devices formed thereby. A method of fabricating an elastomer-based electronic device includes printing a first liquid material and then a second liquid material on a fabric substrate that comprises fibers. The first and second liquid materials are sequentially printed with a three-dimensional printer that directly prints the first liquid material onto the fabric substrate so that the first liquid material wicks through some of the fibers of the fabric substrate and forms a solid matrix of an elastomer-based composite that comprises the matrix and the fabric substrate, after which the three-dimensional printer directly prints the second liquid material on the elastomer-based composite to form a film thereon. The elastomer-based composite and film are electrical components of the elastomer-based electronic device.
1. An elastomer-based electronic device comprising:
a fabric substrate;
a first electrical component of the elastomer-based electronic device, the first electrical component comprising an elastomer-based composite that comprises the fabric substrate and a solid elastomer-based matrix formed of a first elastomer material; and
a second electrical component of the elastomer-based electronic device, the second electrical component comprising a first film formed of a second material;
wherein one of the first and second electrical components is an electrically-conductive component of the elastomer-based electronic device and the other of the first and second electrical components is a dielectric component of the elastomer-based electronic device.
2. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomer-based electronic device is an elastic strain-sensing electronic device of a wearable sensory garment.
3. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric substrate comprises fibers and a portion of the first elastomer material of the elastomer-based matrix infiltrates a surface region of the fabric substrate such that the elastomer-based composite cannot be removed from the fabric substrate without tearing the elastomer-based composite or the fabric substrate.
4. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 1 , further comprising an elastomer-based film on the first film, the elastomer-based film being formed of the first elastomer material.
5. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 4 , wherein the elastomer-based electronic device is an elastic strain-sensing electronic device, and the elastomer-based composite, the first film, and the elastomer-based film are elastically-deformable electrical components of the elastic strain-sensing electronic device and elastically deform when the elastic strain-sensing electronic device experiences strain of at least 50%.
6. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 5 , wherein the elastic strain-sensing electronic device is a capacitor, the first film is an elastomer-based dielectric and an insulator of the capacitor, and the elastomer-based composite and the elastomer-based film are electrically conductive and are electrodes of the capacitor.
7. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 6 , wherein the first elastomer material of the elastomer-based composite and the elastomer-based film comprises conductive particles dispersed therein.
8. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 6 , wherein the capacitor is a component of a strain sensor of a wearable sensory garment.
9. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 6 , wherein the capacitor is a component of a pressure sensor of a wearable sensory garment.
10. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 5 , wherein the elastic strain-sensing electronic device is a resistor, the first film is electrically conductive and a resistive element of the resistor, and the elastomer-based composite and the elastomer-based film are elastomer-based dielectrics and encapsulate the first film.
11. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 10 , wherein the second material of the first film comprises conductive particles dispersed therein.
12. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 10 , wherein the first film formed by the second material is an electrically-conductive liquid film.
13. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 10 , wherein the first film formed by the second material is an electrically-conductive elastomer film.
14. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 10 , wherein the resistor is a component of a strain sensor of a wearable sensory garment.
15. The elastomer-based electronic device according to claim 10 , wherein the resistor is a component of a pressure sensor of a wearable sensory garment.