Poultry litter-based fertilizer and a method for making the poultry litter-based fertilizer from poultry litter
A method for producing a poultry litter-based fertilizer by a) supplying poultry litter to a rotating rotary drum, b) adding acid or a source of acid to the rotating rotary drum, wherein acid reacts with the poultry litter to form an acidified mixture, c) adding ammonia or a source of ammonia to the rotating rotary drum, d) drying and cooling the ammoniated product by evaporation of water to form a dried, cooled product in a free-flowing semi-solid or solid form, repeating the steps b) through d) until a desired nitrogen content is reached in the poultry litter-based fertilizer.
1. A poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer produced by a method comprising:
a) supplying poultry litter to a rotating rotary drum;
b) adding a strong acid and/or a source of strong acid comprising at least one of sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, or oleum to the rotating rotary drum, wherein the source of acid forms acid in the rotating rotary drum, and the strong acid in the rotating rotary drum reacts with the poultry litter to form heat and an acidified mixture;
c) adding water and at least one of ammonia or a source of ammonia to the rotating rotary drum, wherein the source of ammonia forms ammonia in the rotating rotary drum, and the ammonia in the rotating rotary drum reacts with the acidified mixture to produce heat and an ammoniated mixture containing an ammonium salt;
d) drying and cooling the ammoniated mixture by evaporation of water to form a dried, cooled product in a free-flowing semi-solid or solid form;
e) repeating steps b) through d) at least one more time and until a nitrogen content of at least 8 wt. % is reached in the dried, cooled product;
f) adjusting a pH in at least one step b) to destroy pathogens, weed seeds, drugs, hormones, and/or antibiotics present in the poultry litter; and
g) final drying and cooling of the dried, cooled product to form the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer having an enhanced nitrogen level, enhanced ratio of nitrogen to phosphorous, and increased sulfur level compared to a poultry-based inorganic fertilizer produced by only running steps b) and c) once;
wherein the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer comprises:
at least 8 wt. % nitrogen wherein at least 13 wt. % of the nitrogen is from nitrogen in the poultry litter;
at least 30 wt. % ammonium sulfate;
at least 0.91 wt. % potassium which results from compounds present in the poultry litter;
at least 9 wt. % sulfur; and
at least 2.5 wt. % total other nutrients, secondary nutrients, and micronutrients from compounds present in the poultry litter.
2. The fertilizer of claim 1 , further comprising at least 45 wt. % ammonium sulfate.
3. The fertilizer of claim 1 , further comprising more than 10 wt. % nitrogen.
4. The fertilizer of claim 1 , wherein the poultry litter further comprising at least 10 wt. % bedding material.
5. The fertilizer of claim 1 , further comprising carbonized carbon compounds formed from organic compounds present in the poultry litter reacted with the sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, or oleum.
6. The fertilizer of claim 5 , wherein the carbonized carbon compounds comprise carbonized bedding material.
7. The fertilizer of claim 1 , further comprising a metal sulfate.
8. The fertilizer of claim 1 , wherein the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer is free of noxious odors, free of harmful pathogens and viruses, free of viable weed seeds, and free of drugs, steroids and pesticides.
9. The fertilizer of claim 1 , wherein the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer has a pH of between 4 and 6.5.
10. The fertilizer of claim 1 , wherein the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer has a pH of between 5 and 6.
11. The fertilizer of claim 1 , having a moisture content of less than 12 wt. %.
12. A poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer according to claim 1 , wherein the strong acid and/or a source of strong acid has destroyed pathogens, weed seeds, drugs, hormones, and/or antibiotics in the treated poultry litter.
13. The fertilizer of claim 1 , wherein the poultry litter in step a) further comprising at least 10 wt. % bedding material and the poultry-based inorganic fertilizer comprises carbonized bedding material.
14. The fertilizer of claim 1 , comprising at least 40 wt. % ammonium sulfate.
15. The fertilizer of claim 1 , comprising at least 4.5 wt. % other nutrients, secondary nutrients, and micronutrients wherein at least 0.5 wt. % of the nutrients, secondary nutrients, and micronutrients are from inorganic sources.
16. The fertilizer of claim 1 , wherein the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer is in a form of a granule having a size of 1 mm to 3 mm and wherein the crush strength of the granule is at least 4.45 Newtons.
17. A poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer produced by a method comprising:
a) supplying poultry litter to a rotating rotary drum;
b) adding a strong acid and/or a source of strong acid comprising at least one of sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, or oleum to the rotating rotary drum, wherein the source of acid forms acid in the rotating rotary drum, and the strong acid in the rotating rotary drum reacts with the poultry litter to form heat and an acidified mixture;
c) adding water and at least one of ammonia or a source of ammonia to the rotating rotary drum, wherein the source of ammonia forms ammonia in the rotating rotary drum, and the ammonia in the rotating rotary drum reacts with the acidified mixture to produce heat and an ammoniated mixture containing an ammonium salt;
d) drying and cooling the ammoniated mixture by evaporation of water to form a dried, cooled product in a free-flowing semi-solid or solid form;
e) repeating steps b) through d) at least one more time and until a nitrogen content of at least 8 wt. % is reached in the dried, cooled product;
f) adjusting a pH in at least one step b) to destroy pathogens, weed seeds, drugs, hormones, and/or antibiotics present in the poultry litter; and
g) final drying and cooling of the dried, cooled product to form the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer having an enhanced nitrogen level, enhanced ratio of nitrogen to phosphorous, and increased sulfur level compared to a poultry-based inorganic fertilizer produced by only running steps b) and c) once;
wherein the poultry litter-based inorganic fertilizer comprises:
at least 8 wt. % nitrogen wherein at least 13 wt. % of the nitrogen is from nitrogen in the poultry litter;
at least 45 wt. % ammonium sulfate;
at least 0.91 wt. % potassium which results from compounds present in the poultry litter;
at least 9 wt. % sulfur;
carbonized carbon compounds formed from organic compounds present in the poultry litter reacted with the sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, or oleum; and
at least 2.5 wt. % total other nutrients, secondary nutrients, and micronutrients from compounds present in the poultry litter.