RF lens with doping medium
This application relates to a wireless apparatus, and in particular, to an apparatus that is capable of performing beam sweeping. The apparatus provided in embodiments of this application integrates a feed source that may transmit a wireless signal and a lens. The lens covers the feed source, and an inner surface and/or an outer surface of the lens are/is curved surfaces/a curved surface.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a feed source; and
a lens, wherein the lens covers the feed source, and wherein an inner surface of the lens or an outer surface of the lens is a curved surface;
wherein the feed source is configured to provide a first beam;
wherein the lens is configured to respond to the first beam and generate a second beam; and
wherein a body of the lens comprises a doping medium having a first dielectric constant, the doping medium adjusted by doping impurities in the doping medium, wherein the doping impurities have a second dielectric constant that is different from the first dielectric constant and that adjust phase delays of electromagnetic waves in the lens emitted from different positions on the inner surface of the lens, and wherein the doping impurities are completely encapsulated by the doping medium.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a beam sweeping angle of the second beam is greater than a beam sweeping angle of the first beam, or a gain of the second beam is different from a gain of the first beam.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the lens increases with an increase in a zenith angle of the lens, and the zenith angle of the lens is an angle between the lens and a normal line of a plane on which the feed source is located.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein doping densities of the doping medium at different positions of the lens are different.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the doping densities of the doping medium decrease with an increase in a zenith angle of the lens, and the zenith angle of the lens is an angle between the lens and a normal line of a plane on which the feed source is located.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a shape of the lens is a quasi-rotational symmetric structure or a quasi-translational transformation structure.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein:
a radian of the inner surface of the lens, a radian of the outer surface of the lens, a thickness of the lens, and a medium doping density in the lens is determined based on a beam sweeping angle of the first beam and a beam sweeping angle of the second beam; or
the radian of the inner surface of the lens, the radian of the outer surface of the lens, the thickness of the lens, and the medium doping density in the lens is determined based on a gain of the first beam and a gain of the second beam.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a medium layer is disposed on the inner surface of the lens or the outer surface of the lens.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein a dielectric constant of the lens is ε1, and a dielectric constant of the medium layer is ε2, wherein ε2=√{square root over (ε1)}, and a thickness of the medium layer is a quarter of a medium wavelength of ε2.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a structure layer is disposed on the inner surface of the lens or the outer surface of the lens.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a dielectric constant of a material of the lens is ε1, and a dielectric constant of the structure layer is ε2, wherein ε2=√√{square root over (ε1)}, and a thickness of the structure layer is a quarter of a medium wavelength of ε2.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein a hole is disposed on the structure layer.
13. The apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein a depth of the hole is less than or equal to a quarter of a medium wavelength of ε2.
14. The apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein at least two holes are disposed on the structure layer, and a distance between two adjacently disposed holes in the at least two holes is less than or equal to a half of a medium wavelength of ε2.
15. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a hole is disposed on the inner surface of the lens or the outer surface of the lens.
16. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein a depth of the hole is less than or equal to a quarter of a medium wavelength of ε2, wherein ε2=√{square root over (ε1)}, and ε1 is a dielectric constant of a material of the lens.
17. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein at least two holes are disposed on the inner surface of the lens or at least two holes are disposed on the outer surface of the lens, a distance between two adjacently disposed holes is less than or equal to a half of a medium wavelength of ε2, wherein ε2=√{square root over (ε1)}, and ε1 is the dielectric constant of the material of the lens.
18. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a symmetric center of the feed source coincides with a symmetric center of the lens.
19. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the feed source comprises an active electronically scanned array.