Diffused light focusing method for use in film, television, and photographic media
A lighting assembly includes a Fresnel lens disposed at a controllable or predeterminable distance from a diffuse light source. Relatively small cutter cards are disposable between the diffuse light source and the Fresnel lens for generating various shadow effects on a photography, television or film production set. The light assembly enables a soft lighting of foreground subjects, typically actors, with a light intensity that stays relatively constant regardless of the distance of the subjects from the composite light source, specifically the Fresnel lens.
1. A lighting method for the film and television production industry, comprising:
providing at least one Fresnel lens and a diffuse light source, the diffuse light source having a sufficiently substantial width and a sufficiently substantial length both extending at least partially transversely to an axis of light propagation from the diffuse light source, so as to enable diffuse or soft lighting of an actor on a photography, film or television production set;
disposing said light source and said at least one Fresnel lens at a first distance from one another on the photography, film or television production set;
disposing said at least one Fresnel lens at a second distance from the actor on the photography, film or television production set and at a third distance from a background panel or surface disposed on a side of said actor at least partially opposite the Fresnel lens;
generating patterns of different light intensity in a vicinity of an emission plane of the diffuse light source;
illuminating said actor with light transmitted from said diffuse light source to said at least one Fresnel lens and from same to said actor, said first distance and said second distance being selected so that said actor is softly lit at least in part and said third distance being selected in part so that said actor casts no sharp or hard shadows on said background panel or surface; and
simultaneously with the illuminating of said actor, casting at least one shadow on said background panel by light from said diffuse light source by virtue of the patterns of different light intensity generated in the vicinity of the emission plane of the diffuse light source, wherein said emission plane is an object plane of said Fresnel lens, while said background panel is located in an image plane of said Fresnel lens.
2. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the generating of patterns of different light intensity includes inserting a cutter or shadow card between said diffuse light source and said Fresnel lens.
3. The lighting method defined in claim 2 wherein said cutter or shadow card is positioned closer to said diffuse light source than to said Fresnel lens.
4. The lighting method defined in claim 2 wherein said cutter or shadow card is provided with one or more colored or tinted edges with a color or tint preselected to reduce chromatic aberration at a periphery of said at least one shadow.
5. The lighting method defined in claim 1 wherein said at least one Fresnel lens is a first Fresnel lens, further comprising:
providing a second Fresnel lens; and
disposing said second Fresnel lens at a fourth distance from said diffuse light source, the illuminating of said actor including directing light (i) from said diffuse light source to one of said first Fresnel lens and said second Fresnel lens, (ii) from said one of said first Fresnel lens and said second Fresnel lens to the other of said first Fresnel lens and said second Fresnel lens, and (iii) from the other of said first Fresnel lens and said second Fresnel lens to said actor so that said actor is softly lit at least in part.
6. The lighting method defined in claim 1 wherein said diffuse light source has an effective lighting emitting area and said at least one Fresnel lens has an effective light transmitting area, said effective light transmitting area being at least twice as great as said effective light emitting area.
7. The lighting method defined in claim 1 , further comprising adjusting said first distance by moving at least one of said at least one Fresnel lens and said diffuse light source relative to the other.
8. The lighting method defined in claim 1 , further comprising adjusting said third distance by moving both said at least one Fresnel lens and said diffuse light source relative to said background panel or surface.
9. The lighting method defined in claim 1 wherein the diffuse light source is a first light source and wherein the Fresnel lens is a first lens, further comprising replacing at least one of the first light source and the first lens with a respective one of a different diffuse light source and a different Fresnel lens, the different diffuse light source having dimensions different from those of the first light source, the different Fresnel lens having dimensions different from those of the first lens.
10. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the diffuse light source constitutes an array of discrete light generating elements and wherein the generating of patterns of different light intensity includes operating a computer to differentially energize or activate said light generating elements.
11. A lighting method for the film and television production industry, comprising: providing a plurality of optical elements including at least one microgroove Fresnel lens, a primary light source, and a planar diffuser panel; disposing said planar diffuser panel between said primary light source and said at least one microgroove Fresnel lens to define an optical transmission path; locating said primary light source, said planar diffuser panel and said at least one microgroove Fresnel lens in spaced relation to a background panel or surface and to an actor in front of the background panel on a photography, film or television production set, the locating of said primary light source, said planar diffuser panel and said at least one microgroove Fresnel lens including selecting distances among said optical elements and said background panel so that said planar diffuser panel is located in an object plane and said background panel is located in an image plane of said at least one Fresnel lens; and transmitting light from said planar diffuser panel to said actor and said background panel via said at least one microgroove Fresnel lens, the transmitting of light including (i) bringing said planar diffuser panel into hard or sharp focus on said background panel, (ii) illuminating said actor only with soft lighting, and (iii) casting only soft shadows on said background surface by said actor; and generating patterns of different light intensity in a vicinity of said planar diffuser panel, and wherein the transmitting of light further includes simultaneously with the illuminating of said actor, casting at least one shadow on said background panel by light from said planar diffuser panel by virtue of the patterns of different light intensity generated in the vicinity of said planar diffuser panel.
12. The method defined in claim 11 , further comprising inserting a cutter or shadow card between said diffuse light source and said at least one microgroove Fresnel lens.