Communication mode selection method and apparatus

1. A communication mode selection method, implemented by a leading vehicle, wherein the communication mode selection method comprises:

transmitting, in a first communication mode, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) service between the leading vehicle and a following vehicle that are in a vehicle platoon, wherein the first communication mode is a direct communication mode;

obtaining a signal quality of the first communication mode, wherein the signal quality is signal reliability;

obtaining a signal reliability of communication between the following vehicle and the leading vehicle in the first communication mode and in a time window; and

sending a configuration instruction to the following vehicle when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets a preset condition,

wherein the configuration instruction instructs the following vehicle to enable a second communication mode to communicate with the leading vehicle,

wherein the second communication mode is for network device forwarding, and

wherein the preset condition identifies the signal reliability in the time window is less than a threshold.

2. The communication mode selection method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining whether the second communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle based on V2X capability information of the following vehicle when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets the preset condition, wherein the V2X capability information indicates whether a communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle; and

sending the configuration instruction to the following vehicle when the second communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle.

3. The communication mode selection method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining whether the second communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle based on V2X capability information of the following vehicle when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets the preset condition, wherein the V2X capability information indicates whether a communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle; and

removing the following vehicle from the vehicle platoon when the second communication mode is incompatible with the following vehicle.

4. The communication mode selection method of claim 1 , wherein before obtaining the V2X service between the leading vehicle and the following vehicle, the communication mode selection method further comprises:

obtaining V2X capability information of the following vehicle; and

storing the V2X capability information of the following vehicle.

5. The communication mode selection method of claim 1 , wherein the leading vehicle is a first vehicle in the vehicle platoon in a direction of forward motion, and wherein the leading vehicle is configured to create and manage the vehicle platoon.

6. The communication mode selection method of claim 1 , wherein the leading vehicle and the following vehicle communicate using a PC5 interface or a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) technology.

7. A communication mode selection method, implemented by a following vehicle, wherein the communication mode selection method comprises:

sending vehicle-to-everything (V2X) capability information of the following vehicle to a leading vehicle, wherein the V2X capability information indicates a communication mode supported by the following vehicle;

obtaining a signal quality of a first communication mode;

obtaining signal reliability of communication with the leading vehicle in the first communication mode and in a time window;

enabling a second communication mode to communicate with the leading vehicle when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets a preset condition, wherein the signal quality is the signal reliability, and wherein the preset condition indicates the signal reliability in the time window is less than a second threshold;

transmitting, in the first communication mode, a V2X service between the following vehicle and the leading vehicle that are in a vehicle platoon, wherein the first communication mode is a direct communication mode;

receiving a configuration instruction from the leading vehicle; and

enabling the second communication mode to communicate with the leading vehicle based on the configuration instruction,

wherein the second communication mode is for network device forwarding.

8. The communication mode selection method of claim 7 , further comprising travelling away from the vehicle platoon when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets the preset condition and when the following vehicle does not support the second communication mode.

9. The communication mode selection method of claim 7 , wherein the leading vehicle is a first vehicle in the vehicle platoon in a direction of forward motion, and wherein the leading vehicle is configured to create and manage the vehicle platoon.

10. The communication mode selection method of claim 7 , wherein the leading vehicle and the following vehicle communicate using a PC5 interface or a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) technology.

11. A communications apparatus, installed on a leading vehicle, wherein the communications apparatus comprises:

a processor; and

a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the communications apparatus to be configured to:

perform vehicle-to-everything (V2X) service transmission in a first communication mode with a following vehicle in a vehicle platoon, wherein the first communication mode is a direct communication mode;

obtain signal quality of the first communication mode, wherein the signal quality is signal reliability;

obtain signal reliability of communication between the following vehicle and the leading vehicle in the first communication mode and in a time window; and

send a configuration instruction to the following vehicle when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets a preset condition,

wherein the configuration instruction instructs the following vehicle to enable a second communication mode to communicate with the leading vehicle in the vehicle platoon, platoon, and

wherein the second communication mode is a communication mode in which a network device performs forwarding, and

wherein the preset condition identifies the signal reliability in the time window is less than a threshold.

12. The communications apparatus of claim 11 , wherein when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets the preset condition the instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:

determine whether the second communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle based on V2X capability information of the following vehicle, wherein the V2X capability information indicates whether a communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle; and

send the configuration instruction to the following vehicle when the second communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle.

13. The communications apparatus of claim 11 , wherein when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets the preset condition the instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:

determine whether the second communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle based on V2X capability information of the following vehicle, wherein the V2X capability information indicates whether a communication mode is compatible with the following vehicle; and

remove the following vehicle from the vehicle platoon when the second communication mode is incompatible with the following vehicle.

14. The communications apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:

obtain V2X capability information of the following vehicle; and

store the V2X capability information of the following vehicle.

15. The communication apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the leading vehicle is a first vehicle in the vehicle platoon in a direction of forward motion, and wherein the leading vehicle is configured to create and manage the vehicle platoon.

16. The communication apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the leading vehicle and the following vehicle communicate using a PC5 interface or a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) technology.

17. A communication apparatus, installed on a following vehicle, wherein the communication apparatus comprises:

a processor; and

a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the communication apparatus to be configured to:

send vehicle-to-everything (V2X) capability information of the following vehicle in a vehicle platoon to a leading vehicle, wherein the V2X capability information indicates the following vehicle supports a communication mode;

obtain signal quality of a first communication mode;

enable a second communication mode to communicate with the leading vehicle when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets a preset condition;

obtain signal reliability of communication with the leading vehicle in the first communication mode and in a time window, wherein the preset condition indicates the signal reliability in the time window is less than a second threshold;

perform V2X vehicle to everything (V2X) service transmission in the first communication mode between the following vehicle and the leading vehicle that are in the vehicle platoon, wherein the first communication mode is a direct communication mode;

receive a configuration instruction from the leading vehicle; and

enable, based on the configuration instruction, a second communication mode to communicate with the leading vehicle,

wherein the second communication mode is a communication mode in which a network device performs forwarding.

18. The communication apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the instructions further cause the processor to be configured to travel away from the vehicle platoon when the signal quality of the first communication mode meets the preset condition and when the following vehicle does not support the second communication mode.

19. The communication apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the leading vehicle is a first vehicle in the vehicle platoon in a direction of forward motion, and wherein the leading vehicle is configured to create and manage the vehicle platoon.

20. The communication apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the leading vehicle and the following vehicle communicate using a PC5 interface or a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) technology.