Rapid viral diagnostic sensor
The present invention provides for a device and method for the rapid detection (within seconds) of viruses and virions (proteins and nucleic acids) found in novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and other pandemic viruses. The device can be used at front line, hospitals, clinical laboratories, airports, groceries, homes, and the like. The device can be used as a single probe for single use or home use, or the device integrated into a carrousel or multiple probe magazine for fast detection of multiple samples simultaneously. This carrousel would facilitate multiple testing at times of pandemics when a large number of samples have to be tested in short periods of time.
1. A sensor for detecting a virus with a sensor tip comprising:
(a) a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises
(i) a conductive material, wherein the conductive material is resistant to corrosion,
(ii) a support, and
(iii) a catalyst;
(b) a counter electrode comprising an electrocatalyst, wherein
(i) the counter electrode is operably connected to the working electrode,
(ii) the sensor tip when inserted into a media is operable for detecting change in current utilizing the working electrode and the counter electrode, and
(iii) the sensor tip is operable for detecting the virus by the change in current when inserted into the media comprising a composition that comprises a sample and pH adjusting salts, wherein the sample is selected from a group consisting of Saliva, Plasma, Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Dulbecco's Phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), and combinations thereof.
2. The sensor of claim 1 further comprising a reference electrode comprising a reference material.
3. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the reference material is selected from a group consisting of Pt, Au, Ag, Ti, Rh, Ru, and combinations thereof.
4. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the sensor tip when inserted into the media is operable for detecting change in current utilizing the reference material in combination with the working electrode and the counter electrode.
5. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the support is selected from a group consisting of Nickel, Nickel gauze, Nickel mesh, Ti, stainless steel, Hastelloy, graphite, nickel foam, Ti foam, Aluminum, Aluminum foam, carbon, carbon fibers, and graphene.
6. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a transition metal.
7. The sensor of claim 6 , wherein the transition metal is selected from a group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Cr, Mo, Rh, Ru, Pd, Ir, Au, Pt, composites of graphene metal, and combinations thereof.
8. The sensor of claim 6 , wherein the transition metal comprises Ni.
9. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the support comprises the catalyst.
10. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the electrocatalyst is selected from a group consisting of Pt, Au, Ir, Ni, Ti, Rh, Ru, and combinations thereof.
11. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the virus being detected is selected from a group consisting of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), pandemic viruses, and combinations thereof.
12. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting the virus within a time period in the range between 10 milliseconds and 10 seconds.
13. The sensor of claim 12 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting concentration of a second virus in the sample.
14. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting the virus within 100 milliseconds.
15. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting concentration of the virus in a sample.
16. A method for detecting a virus with a sensor tip, the method comprising:
(a) selecting a sensor tip, wherein the sensor tip comprises
(i) a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a conductive material,
(ii) a counter electrode, wherein the counter electrode comprises an electrocatalyst, and
(iii) a reference electrode, wherein the working electrode is operably connected to the counter electrode and the reference electrode;
(b) creating a catalyst locally on the sensor tip, wherein
(i) the catalyst is created at a particular voltage, and
(ii) the particular voltage corresponds to the working electrode and the reference electrode;
(c) inserting the sensor tip into a media comprising a composition that comprises a sample and pH adjusting salts, wherein the sample is selected from a group consisting of Saliva, Plasma, Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Dulbecco's Phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), and combinations thereof;
(d) rotating the sensor tip, wherein the sensor tip is rotated at a particular rotation speed;
(e) applying a cell voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode;
(f) holding the sensor tip at a particular temperature;
(g) calibrating a change in current between a media blank and the media; wherein
(i) the media blank comprises a virus-free sample, and
(ii) the change in current is calibrated as a function of concentration of the virus present in the media.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the virus being detected is selected from a group consisting of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), pandemic viruses, and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting the virus within 10 seconds.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting the virus within 100 milliseconds.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the media that the sensor tip is inserted into comprises a single sample.
21. The method of claim 16 , wherein the media that the sensor is inserted into comprises multiple samples.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the multiple samples enable calibrating multiple probes simultaneously.
23. The method of claim 16 , wherein the pH adjusting salts are selected from a group consisting of KOH, NaOH, ammonium solutions, phosphate buffers, and combinations thereof.
24. The method of claim 16 , wherein the particular rotation speed is in a range between 0 rpm and 3000 rpm.
25. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cell voltage is in a range between −0.5 V and 1.0 V relative to voltage of the reference electrode.
26. The method of claim 16 , wherein the particular temperature is in a range between 10° C. and 40° C.
27. The method of claim 16 , wherein the sensor is operable for detecting concentration of a second virus in the sample.