Ionic liquid containing divalent cation and monovalent anion and lubricant composition comprising same
Disclosed are an ionic liquid, having wear resistance maintained at low temperatures and containing a divalent cation including at least one of bis(ammonium) and bis(phosphonium) and a monovalent anion including at least one of sulfonate and phosphate, and a lubricant composition including the ionic liquid.
1. An ionic liquid, comprising:
a divalent cation comprising at least one of bis(ammonium) and bis(phosphonium); and
a monovalent anion comprising sulfonate
wherein the sulfonate has a structure of Chemical Formula 6 below:
wherein in Chemical Formula 6, R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, substituted (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, (C1-C20)heterohydrocarbyl, or substituted (C1-C20)heterohydrocarbyl.
2. The ionic liquid of claim 1 , wherein the bis(ammonium) has a structure of Chemical Formula 1 below:
in Chemical Formula 1, R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, substituted (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, (C1-C20)heterohydrocarbyl, or substituted (C1-C20)heterohydrocarbyl, and
R 3 is (CH 2 ) n , where 1≤n≤20.
3. The ionic liquid of claim 2 , wherein in Chemical Formula 1, R 1 and R 2 are each independently (C1-C20)alkyl, (C2-C20)alkenyl, (C2-C20)alkynyl, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl, (C5-C20)heteroalkyl, (C6-C20)aryl, (C6-C20)ar(C1-C10)alkyl, (C1-C10)alkoxy, (C6-C20)aryloxy, (C1-C10)alkoxycarbonyl(C1-C20)alkyl, or (C1-C20)alkylcarbonyl.
4. The ionic liquid of claim 2 , wherein in Chemical Formula 1, R 1 and R 2 are each independently (C1-C8)alkyl, and R 3 is (CH 2 ) n , where 1≤n≤12.
5. The ionic liquid of claim 1 , wherein the bis(phosphonium) has a structure of Chemical Formula 2 below:
in Chemical Formula 2, R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, substituted (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, (C1-C20)heterohydrocarbyl, or substituted (C1-C20)heterohydrocarbyl, and
R 3 is (CH 2 ) n , where 1≤n≤20.
6. The ionic liquid of claim 5 , wherein in Chemical Formula 2, R 1 and R 2 are each independently (C1-C20)alkyl, (C2-C20)alkenyl, (C2-C20)alkynyl, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl, (C5-C20)heteroalkyl, (C6-C20)aryl, (C6-C20)ar(C1-C10)alkyl, (C1-C10)alkoxy, (C6-C20)aryloxy, (C1-C10)alkoxycarbonyl(C1-C20)alkyl, or (C1-C20)alkylcarbonyl.
7. The ionic liquid of claim 5 , wherein in Chemical Formula 2, R 1 and R 2 are each independently (C1-C8)alkyl, and R 3 is (CH 2 ) n , where 1≤n≤12.
8. The ionic liquid of claim 1 , wherein in Chemical Formula 6, R 1 and R 2 are each independently (C1-C20)alkyl, (C2-C20)alkenyl, (C2-C20)alkynyl, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl, (C5-C20)heteroalkyl, (C6-C20)aryl, (C6-C20)ar(C1-C10)alkyl, (C1-C10)alkoxy, (C6-C20)aryloxy, (C1-C10)alkoxycarbonyl(C1-C20)alkyl, or (C1-C20)alkylcarbonyl.
9. The ionic liquid of claim 1 , wherein in Chemical Formula 6, R 1 and R 2 are each independently (C3-C10)alkyl.
10. A lubricant composition, comprising:
the ionic liquid of claim 1 ;
at least one additive; and
a base oil.
11. The lubricant composition of claim 10 , comprising 0.05 to 20 wt % of the ionic liquid and 0.1 to 50 wt % of the at least one additive.
12. The lubricant composition of claim 11 , wherein the at least one additive is at least one selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a metal cleaner, an anticorrosive agent, a foam inhibitor, a pour point depressant, a viscosity modifier, a dispersant and an antiwear agent.