Crystallization suppressant combinations for high density clear brine fluids
Compounds are identified that act as crystallization suppressants when added to clear brine fluids, significantly lowering the true crystallization temperatures of the brines, and allowing for higher salt content in clear brine fluids. The crystallization suppressants of the invention also allow for the preparation of higher density zinc free brines. Crystallization suppressant blends are also identified that allow for the preparation of high density clear brine fluids with lower viscosities.
1. A clear brine fluid comprising:
water,
a halide salt in an amount of 50 to 64 wt %, and
from 8 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the water and halide salt, of a crystallization suppressant blend comprising glycerol and a C 4-6 alditol, wherein the weight ratio of the glycerol to the C 4-6 alditol is higher than 50:50, up to 80:20, and
wherein the clear brine fluid has a density at 60° F. of at least 14 ppg, a true crystallization temperature of 15° F. or less than 15° F. as determined using API Protocol 13J 5 th Edition, October 2014 “Testing of Heavy Brines”, and a Brookfield viscosity of 200 cps or less than 200 cps when measured at 40° F. using a #18 spindle at 60 rpm.
2. The clear brine fluid according to claim 1 , wherein the halide salt comprises a chloride or bromide salt of sodium, potassium or calcium, and the clear brine fluid comprises less than 1 ppm of zinc or cesium.
3. The clear brine fluid according to claim 1 , wherein the C 4-6 alditol comprises xylitol.
4. The clear brine fluid according to claim 1 , wherein the C 4-6 alditol comprises mannitol.
5. A method for lowering the true crystallization temperature of a clear brine fluid comprising a halide salt in an amount of 50 to 64 wt % and water, which method comprises adding from 8 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the halide salt and water, of a crystallization suppressant blend comprising glycerol and a C 4-6 alditol, wherein the weight ratio of the glycerol to the C 4-6 alditol is higher than 50:50, up to 80:20, to provide a clear brine fluid having a density at 60° F. of at least 14 ppg, a true crystallization temperature of 15° F. or less than 15° F. as determined using API Protocol 13J 5 th Edition, October 2014 “Testing of Heavy Brines”, and a Brookfield viscosity of 200 cps or less than 200 cps when measured at 40° F. using a #18 spindle at 60 rpm.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the halide salt comprises a chloride or bromide salt of sodium, potassium or calcium, and the clear brine fluid comprises less than 1 ppm of zinc or cesium.
7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the C 4-6 alditol comprises xylitol.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the C 4-6 alditol comprises mannitol.