Electrical drive unit for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle
An electric drive unit for a motor vehicle includes an electrical machine having a stator and a rotor. An inverter having a first switch unit energizes a first phase system (U, V, W) of the stator. A transmission is connected to the rotor for torque transmission. A lubricant circuit lubricates the transmission and/or cools the rotor. A first cooling circuit cools the first switch unit. A lubricant-coolant heat exchanger thermally couples the first coolant circuit and the lubricant circuit. A control device provides a dissipation-increasing operating mode for the first switch unit in order to increase a dissipation heating a coolant of the first coolant circuit. The lubricant-coolant heat exchanger transfers heat from the heated coolant to the lubricant circuit in order to reduce a viscosity of a lubricant.
1. An electric drive unit for a motor vehicle comprising:
an electric machine with a stator and a rotor;
an inverter connected upstream of the electric machine comprising a first switching unit to energize a first phase system of the stator;
a gear mechanism connected to the rotor to transmit torque;
a lubricant circuit to lubricate the gear mechanism and/or to cool the rotor;
a first coolant circuit to cool the first switching unit;
a lubricant/coolant heat-exchanger to thermally couple the first coolant circuit and the lubricant circuit; and
a control device configured to provide a loss-increasing operating mode to increase power dissipation for the first switching unit and to heat a coolant of the first coolant circuit of the first switching unit, wherein
the lubricant/coolant heat-exchanger is further configured to transfer heated coolant resulting from the increased power dissipation to the lubricant circuit to decrease a viscosity of a lubricant of the lubricant circuit.
2. The electric drive unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is further configured to:
increase switching losses of switches of the first switching unit to increase the power dissipation; and
switch the switches in the loss-increasing operating mode at a switching frequency higher than a predetermined threshold value of the switching frequency.
3. The electric drive unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is further configured to:
actuate switches of the first switching unit such that a power transmitted by the first switching unit to the electric machine is higher than a predetermined power threshold value to increase the power dissipation the control device.
4. The electric drive unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the first coolant circuit is configured to cool the stator by circulating coolant in the first coolant circuit from the first switching unit in the direction of the stator.
5. The electric drive unit according to claim 4 , wherein
the lubricant/coolant heat-exchanger is arranged in the first coolant circuit between the first switching unit and the stator to prevent a supply of heated coolant to the stator.
6. The electric drive unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the inverter further comprises:
a second switching unit to energize a second phase system of the stator; and
the electric drive unit further comprises:
a second coolant circuit to cool the second switching unit and the stator, wherein
the control device is further configured to provide a loss-optimal operating mode for the second switching unit during the loss-increasing operating mode of the first switching unit.
7. The electric drive unit according to claim 6 , wherein
the first and second phase systems are three-phase systems;
the electric machine is a six-phase rotating-field machine based on having the two three-phase systems; and
the inverter is a six-phase inverter.
8. The electric drive unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is further configured to provide the loss-increasing operating mode for the first switching unit only when a temperature of the lubricant lies below a predetermined lower temperature limit of 60° C.
9. The electric drive unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is further configured to:
determine the power dissipation necessary for decreasing the viscosity as a function of a temperature of the lubricant; and
actuate the first switching unit in the loss-increasing operating mode such that the first switching unit provides the necessary power dissipation.
10. A motor vehicle with an electric drive unit according to claim 1 .