Metallic tube structure with a sensor arrangement
Metallic tube structure comprises a first tubular portion and a sensor structure. A sensor of the sensor structure is configured to detect a physical parameter of the metallic tube structure. The sensor structure is formed as a stack of thin-film layers. The stack comprises at least a first electrically insulating thin-film layer and at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer. The first electrically insulating thin-film layer is in mechanically bonded to the outer surface of the first tubular portion and is arranged to electrically insulate the at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer from the first tubular portion. A portion of the sensor structure is covered by a protective member, the protective member being arranged in direct contact with the at least a portion of the sensor structure and at least a part of the first tubular portion.
1. A metallic tube structure having a longitudinal extension comprising:
a first tubular portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the first tubular portion is made of a metal; and
a sensor structure arranged on at least a first part of the outer surface of the first tubular portion,
wherein the sensor structure comprises at least one sensor and at least one sensor signal line, the at least one sensor connected to the at least one sensor signal line, which at least one sensor is configured to detect a physical parameter of the first tubular portion,
wherein the sensor structure extends in a longitudinal direction and in a direction of an axis of the first tubular portion,
wherein the sensor structure is formed as a stack of thin-film layers,
wherein the stack comprises at least a first electrically insulating thin-film layer and at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer,
wherein the first electrically insulating thin-film layer is mechanically bonded to the outer surface of the first tubular portion,
wherein at least the first electrically insulating thin-film layer is arranged to electrically insulate the at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer from the first tubular portion,
wherein the at least one sensor signal line extends in the stack in the longitudinal direction, and
wherein at least a portion of the sensor structure is covered by a protective member, the protective member being arranged in direct contact with the portion of the sensor structure and at least a second part of the first tubular portion.
2. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the stack of thin-film layers further comprises a metallic bonding layer arranged between, and in contact with, the outer surface of the first tubular portion and the first electrically insulating thin-film layer.
3. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein a wall thickness of the first tubular portion is constant in a tangential direction of the first tubular portion.
4. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor and the at least one signal line are both formed in the at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer.
5. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor structure comprises a second electrically insulating thin-film layer, and wherein the second electrically insulating thin-film layer is arranged between the protective member and at least one of the at least one sensor and the at least one sensor signal line whereby an electrical insulator is formed between the protective member and the at least one sensor and the at least one signal line.
6. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the protective member comprises a second tubular portion extending around the first tubular portion, wherein the second tubular portion is made of a metal.
7. The metallic tube structure according to claim 6 , wherein the second tubular portion covers substantially an entirety of the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
8. The metallic tube structure according to claim 6 , wherein the second tubular portion is drawn onto the first tubular portion, or wherein the second tubular portion is shrink-fitted onto the first tubular portion.
9. The metallic tube structure according to claim 6 , wherein the second tubular portion covers the at least one sensor and at least a part of the at least one sensor signal line.
10. The metallic tube structure according to claim 6 , wherein the second tubular portion covers at least a part of the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
11. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the protective member comprises a segment element extending partially around the first tubular portion.
12. The metallic tube structure according to claim 11 , wherein the segment element covers substantially an entirety of the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
13. The metallic tube structure according to claim 11 , wherein the segment element is formed by thermal spraying.
14. The metallic tube structure according to claim 11 , wherein the segment element covers at least part of the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
15. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein an end portion of the at least one sensor signal line is exposed.
16. The metallic tube structure according to claim 15 , wherein the end portion of the at least one sensor signal line is arranged exposed on the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
17. The metallic tube structure according to claim 15 , wherein the sensor structure comprises a contact member extending from the metallic tube structure, wherein a portion of the at least one sensor signal line extends along the contact member, and wherein the end portion of the at least one sensor signal line is arranged exposed on the contact member.
18. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor includes a resistive sensor, a capacitive sensor, or a thermocouple.
19. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a thermocouple and a strain gauge.
20. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor is composed of a metal alloy comprising chromium and palladium, or chromium and platinum, or chromium and nickel.
21. The metallic tube structure according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrically insulating thin-film layer is composed of an oxide and/or a nitride.
22. A method of manufacturing the metallic tube structure of claim 1 , wherein the method comprises steps of:
depositing the first electrically insulating thin-film layer on the first tubular portion;
depositing the at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer onto the first electrically insulating thin-film layer;
defining the sensor structure either by etching or evaporating through a shadow mask the at least one electrically conducting thin-film layer; and
arranging the protective member onto at least a portion of the sensor structure and onto at least a part of the first tubular portion.
23. The method of manufacturing a metallic tube structure according to claim 22 , further comprising the step of:
depositing a metallic bonding layer onto the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
24. The method of manufacturing a metallic tube structure according to claim 22 , wherein the step of arranging the protective member results in the protective member being in direct contact with at least a portion of the sensor structure and with at least part of the outer surface of the first tubular portion.
25. The method of manufacturing a metallic tube structure according to claim 24 , wherein the step of arranging the protective member comprises drawing a second tubular portion onto the first tubular portion.
26. The method of manufacturing a metallic tube structure according to claim 24 , wherein the step of arranging the protective member comprises thermal spraying of a metal, or an oxide, forming a segment element.