System, device, and method for off-grid microgrids management
A method, system, and device for managing off-grid power supply are provided. The method includes acquiring data from one or more loads. The one or more loads are connected to the off-grid power supply. The method further includes modeling the one or more loads based on the acquired data, estimating a state of charge of an energy storage device (ESD) associated with the off-grid power supply, and determining an operational status of each of the one or more loads. The operational status is based on at least the state of charge of the ESD and a category of each of the one or more loads. Each load is controlled based on the operational status.
1. A method for managing an off-grid power supply of a home energy management system, the method comprising:
acquiring data from one or more thermostatic loads connected to the off-grid power supply;
modeling, using processing circuitry, the one or more loads based on the acquired data and on statistics using historical data of the one or more loads;
estimating, using the processing circuitry, a state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage device (ESD) associated with the off-grid power supply based upon forecasted power consumption of the one or more loads, wherein the state of charge is determined using
SOC
(
t
+
1
)
=
SOC
(
t
)
-
sign
(
P
f
(
t
)
-
P
D
G
f
(
t
)
)
[
a
×
(
❘
"\[LeftBracketingBar]"
P
f
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t
)
-
P
DG
f
(
t
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"\[RightBracketingBar]"
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b
]
,
where:
a and b are system parameters,
P f (t) is a sum of all forecasted load power consumptions, and
P f DG (t) is a total forecasted distributed generator generation at a time t;
determining, using the processing circuitry, an operational status of each of the one or more loads based on at least the estimate of the state of charge of the ESD and a category of each of the one or more loads; and
controlling each load based on the determined operational status.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
identifying a parameter value as a trigger point according to the estimate of the state of charge of the energy storage device for one of the thermostatic loads,
wherein the one thermostatic load is switched on and off according to theimostatic parameters using the identified parameter value as the trigger point.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
determining upper and lower limits for the thermostatic parameters that are different than other upper and lower limits for the thermostatic parameters when the one thermostatic load is connected to a non-dispatchable power source.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the controlling of the load includes:
controlling a power supply to one or more switches and outlets of an electric panel.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the electric panel includes switches and/or outlets associated with a plurality of switch and outlet categories, each category associated with a priority of the one or more loads.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the switch and outlet categories include one or more loads of task-based loads (TBL), thermostatically run loads, and must-run loads.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
identifying a TBL having a lowest priority among the one or more loads; and
reducing a run time of the TBL. when the estimate of the state of charge of the ESD is less than a state of charge threshold limit.
8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising
controlling a thermostatically run load for a current scheduling period when an indication of a power cap for a future scheduling period is received.
9. The method of claim 5 , fitrther comprising:
determining a power cap for each of the switches and/or outlets; and deactivating a switch or an outlet when power measurement from a load connected to the switch or the outlet exceeds the determined power cap.
10. The method of claim 4 , wherein the electric panel further includes a calibration smart switch and/or outlet configured to acquire power consumption of at least one load connected to the calibration switch and/or the outlet at predetermined instances.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining a power cap limit;
determining a total power consumption;
identifying a load with a lowest priority when the determined total power consumption exceeds the determined power cap limit;
turning off power supply to the load with the lowest priority when the determined total power consumption exceeds the determined power cap limit;
identifying a second load with a highest priority when the determined total power consumption is less than the determined power cap limit; and
activating power supply to the second load with the highest priority when the determined total power consumption is less than the determined power cap limit.
12. An energy storage device, comprising:
a controller configured to
acquire data from one or more loads connected to the energy storage device (ESD):
model the one or more loads based on the acquired data and on statistics using historical data of the one or more loads;
estimate a state of charge of the ESD based upon forecasted power consumption of the one or more loads, wherein the state of charge is determined using
SOC
(
t
+
1
)
=
SOC
(
t
)
-
sign
(
P
f
(
t
)
-
P
D
G
f
(
t
)
)
[
a
×
(
❘
"\[LeftBracketingBar]"
P
f
(
t
)
-
P
DG
f
(
t
)
❘
"\[RightBracketingBar]"
)
b
]
,
where:
a and b are system parameters,
P f (t) is a sum of all forecasted load power consumptions, and
P f DG (t) is a total forecasted distributed generator generation at a time t;
determine an operational status of each of the one or more loads based on at least the estimate of the state of charge of the ESD and a category of each of the one or more loads; and
control each load based on the determined operational status.
13. The energy storage device of claim 12 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
identify a parameter value as a trigger point according to the estimate of the state of charge of the energy storage device for a thermostatic load,
wherein the thermostatic load is switched on and off according to thermostatic parameters using the identified parameter value as the trigger point.
14. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
determine upper and lower limits for the thermostatic parameters that are different than other upper and lower limits for the thermostatic parameters when the thermostatic load is connected to a non-dispatchable power source.
15. A system for managing an off-grid power supply, comprising:
an energy storage device (ESD);
a controller configured to
acquire data from one or more loads connected to the ESD;
model the one or more loads based on the acquired data and on statistics using historical data of the one or more loads;
estimate a state of charge of the energy storage device based upon forecasted power consumption of the one or more loads, wherein the state of charge is determined using
SOC
(
t
+
1
)
=
SOC
(
t
)
-
sign
(
P
f
(
t
)
-
P
D
G
f
(
t
)
)
[
a
×
(
❘
"\[LeftBracketingBar]"
P
f
(
t
)
-
P
DG
f
(
t
)
❘
"\[RightBracketingBar]"
)
b
]
,
where:
a and b are system parameters,
P J (t) is a sum of all forecasted load power consumptions, and
P f DG (t) total forecasted distributed generator generation at a time t;
determine an operational status of each of the one or more loads based on at least the estimate of the state of charge of the ESD and a category of each of the one or more loads; and
control each load based on the determined operational status.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
identify a parameter value as a trigger point according to the estimate of the state of charge of the energy storage device for a thermostatic load, wherein the thermostatic load is switched on and off according to thermostatic parameters using the identified parameter value as the trigger point.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
determine upper and lower limits for the thermostatic parameters that are different than other upper and lower limits for the thermostatic parameters when the thermostatic load is connected to a non-dispatchable power source.
18. The system of claim 16 , further comprising:
an electric panel operationally connected to the ESD, wherein the electric panel includes switches and/or outlets configured to be controlled by the controller.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the switches and/or outlets are associated with a plurality of switch and outlet categories, each category associated with a priority of the one or more loads connected to the ESD via the electric panel.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the switch and outlet categories include one or more loads of task-based loads (TBL), thermostatically run loads, and must-run loads.