Optical integrated element and optical module
An optical integrated element includes: a substrate; a first waveguide region in which a lower cladding layer, a first core layer, and an upper cladding layer are sequentially laminated in this order on the substrate; and an active region in which the lower cladding layer, a second core layer, a quantum well layer that amplifies light when a current is injected, and the upper cladding layer are sequentially laminated on the substrate. Further, the second core layer and the quantum well layer are close to each other within a range of a mode field of light guided in the second core layer, and the first core layer is butt-jointed to the second core layer and the quantum well layer.
1. An optical integrated element comprising:
a substrate;
a first waveguide region in which a lower cladding layer, a first core layer having a refractive index higher than the refractive index of the lower cladding layer, and an upper cladding layer having a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the first core layer are sequentially laminated in this order on the substrate; and
an active region in which the lower cladding layer, a second core layer having a refractive index higher than the refractive index of the lower cladding layer, a quantum well layer that amplifies light when a current is injected, and the upper cladding layer are sequentially laminated on the substrate, wherein
the second core layer and the quantum well layer are close to each other within a range of a mode field of light guided in the second core layer, and
the first core layer is butt-jointed to the second core layer and the quantum well layer.
2. The optical integrated element according to claim 1 , comprising:
an inter mediate layer interposed between the second core layer and the quantum well layer, the intermediate layer having composition different from composition of the second core layer and the quantum well layer.
3. The optical integrated element according to claim 2 , wherein the intermediate layer has a same composition as composition of the lower cladding layer or the upper cladding layer.
4. The optical integrated element according to claim 1 , wherein a conductivity type of the lower cladding layer is an n-type, and a conductivity type of the upper cladding layer is a p-type.
5. The optical integrated element according to claim 1 , further comprising a second waveguide region in which the lower cladding layer, the second core layer, and the upper cladding layer are sequentially laminated on the substrate, wherein
the second waveguide region is cascade-connected to the active region.
6. The optical integrated element according to claim 5 , wherein
the second waveguide region includes a third core layer that is laminated between the substrate and the lower cladding layer and has a refractive index higher than a refractive index of the substrate and the lower cladding layer,
at least a part of the second waveguide region includes a first mesa region having a low mesa structure in which the upper cladding layer, which is shaped in a mesa, is projected,
the second waveguide region includes a spot size conversion region having a mesa structure in which the second core layer, the lower cladding layer, and the third core layer, which are shaped in a mesa, are projected, and
a mesa width of the mesa structure in the spot size conversion region is wider than a mesa width of the low mesa structure in the first mesa region, and the mesa width of the low mesa structure in the first mesa region continuously varies in the spot size conversion region having the mesa structure.
7. The optical integrated element according to claim 1 , wherein
the first waveguide region includes a second mesa region having a low mesa structure in which the upper cladding layer, which is shaped in a mesa, is projected, and a third mesa region having a high mesa structure in which the upper cladding layer, the first core layer, and a part of the lower cladding layer, which are shaped in a mesa, are projected,
the active region has the low mesa structure,
the active region and the second mesa region are connected through the low mesa structure, and
the low mesa structure of the second mesa region and the high mesa structure of the third mesa region are optically connected.
8. The optical integrated element according to claim 1 , wherein
the first waveguide region on the substrate includes a modulator region functioning as a phase modulator that modulates a phase of guided light, and
the first core layer in the modulator region is a modulator core layer that guides light.
9. The optical integrated element according to claim 8 , wherein the phase modulator is a Mach-Zehnder modulator.
10. An optical module comprising:
the optical integrated element according to claim 1 .