Functionalized polymer, rubber composition and pneumatic tire
A functionalized elastomer comprising the reaction product of a living elastomeric polymer and a polymerization terminator of formula I [R 1 ] n —B—[X—R 2 ] m I where B is boron; X is oxygen or nitrogen; R 1 is independently vinyl, oxiranyl, phenyl, 1-alkenyl of 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms including at least one halogen atom, 1-alkenyl of 2 to 8 carbon atoms including at least one halogen or one hydrogen; R 2 is independently C1 to C8 alkyl, C8 to C14 aryl; or when m>1 R 2 may be taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic structure comprising 2 to 16 carbon atoms where the cyclic structure may be heterocyclic or non-heterocyclic; n is 1 or 2, m is 1 or 2, and n+m=3.
1. A functionalized elastomer comprising the reaction product of a living elastomeric polymer and a polymerization terminator selected from the group consisting of the following structures
2. The functionalized elastomer of claim 1 , wherein the living elastomer is derived from at least one of isoprene and butadiene, and optionally from styrene.
3. The functionalized elastomer of claim 1 , wherein the living elastomer is derived from butadiene.
4. The functionalized elastomer of claim 1 , wherein the living elastomer is derived from butadiene and styrene.
5. The functionalized elastomer of claim 1 , wherein the functionalized elastomer comprises repeat units of a diene monomer and optionally a vinyl aromatic monomer, and the functionalized elastomer comprises at least 92 percent by weight of cis 1,4 microstructure content based on the weight of the polydiene content of the functionalized elastomer.
6. The functionalized elastomer of claim 1 , wherein the functionalized elastomer comprises at least 95 percent by weight of cis 1,4 microstructure content based on the weight of the polydiene content of the functionalized elastomer.
7. The functionalized elastomer of claim 1 , wherein the functionalized elastomer comprises at least 98 percent by weight of cis 1,4 microstructure content based on the weight of the polydiene content of the functionalized elastomer.
8. A rubber composition comprising the functionalized elastomer of claim 1 .
9. The rubber composition of claim 8 , further comprising silica.
10. A pneumatic tire comprising the rubber composition of claim 9 .
11. A method of making a functionalized elastomer, comprising the steps of
polymerizing monomers comprising a diene monomer and optionally a vinyl aromatic monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator selected from a lanthanide-based coordination polymerization catalyst and an anionic initiator, and terminating the polymerization with a terminator of a formula selected from the group consisting of the following structures
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polymerization initiator is a neodymium based catalyst.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polymerization initiator is a lithium initiator.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the monomers comprise at least one of isoprene and butadiene, and optionally from styrene.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the monomer is butadiene.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the monomers are butadiene and styrene.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the functionalized elastomer comprises at least 92 percent by weight of cis 1,4 microstructure content based on the weight of the polydiene content of the functionalized elastomer.
18. The method of claim 12 , wherein the functionalized elastomer comprises at least 95 percent by weight of cis 1,4 microstructure content based on the weight of the polydiene content of the functionalized elastomer.