Device for monitoring blood flow
A medical device for measuring blood flow through a blood vessel of a mammal includes a conductive elastomer having a variable resistance. A frame is at least partially surrounding at least a portion of the conductive elastomer, the conductive elastomer is suspended within the frame. A mechanical amplification element is slidably engaged to the conductive elastomer, the mechanical amplification element being configured to slide within the frame and to contact skin of the mammal over the blood vessel when the frame is positioned over the blood vessel, the mechanical amplification element being configured to be displaced when the artery pulsates and changes the resistance of the elastomer.
1. A medical device for measuring blood flow through a blood vessel of a mammal, comprising:
a frame;
a conductive elastomer having a variable resistance, the conductive elastomer being suspended within the frame;
a first rigid mechanical amplification element slidably engaged to the conductive elastomer and configured to slide in a first direction to be positioned along a length of the conductive elastomer and along a length of the frame, the first rigid mechanical amplification element being configured to slide within the frame in the first direction and to contact skin of the mammal over the blood vessel when the frame is positioned over the blood vessel, the first rigid mechanical amplification element being configured to transfer pulsations of blood in the blood vessel to the conductive elastomer in a second direction that is transverse to the first direction to cause the conductive elastomer to deform as the blood vessel pulsates; and
a sensor to detect changes in the variable resistance of the conductive elastomer as the conductive elastomer deforms to generate an electrical signal indicative of the pulsation of blood in the blood vessel.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the frame is configured to flex around a portion of at least one from the group consisting of an arm and a leg of the mammal.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element is slidable along the frame from a first position in which the conductive elastomer is in a neutral position to a second position in the which the sensor measures blood flow through the blood vessel.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element includes a thin adhesive layer adherable to skin of the mammal.
5. The device of claim 4 , further including a controller in communication with and coupled to the conductive elastomer.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element includes a gripping element extending outward therefrom, the gripping element configured to enable sliding of the mechanical amplification element in the first direction to a position along a length of the frame.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element is configured to stretch the conductive elastomer during systole and to relax the conductive elastomer during diastole, the stretching and relaxing of the conductive elastomer causing a corresponding rise and fall of resistance of the conductive elastomer that is detected by the sensor.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element includes a gripping element and an atraumatic contact surface, the gripping element configured to removably apply the atraumatic contact surface to skin over the blood vessel without wrapping the device around an appendage of a patient to which the device is applied.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element includes an aperture, the conductive elastomer being configured to pass through the aperture and extend past each side of the aperture.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element is configured to be positioned at a point along the frame to pre-stretch the conductive elastomer.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the frame includes a well, the well being configured to enable the first rigid mechanical amplification to be positioned to rest within the well without placing tension on the conductive elastomer.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element exhibits a curvature in the second direction to form an atraumatic skin contact surface to contact skin over the blood vessel.
13. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a second rigid mechanical amplification element suspended within the frame and configured to slide in the first direction to be positioned along a length of the conductive elastomer and along a length of the frame relative to a position of the first rigid mechanical amplification element.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element is configured to slide within a first closed loop of the frame and the second rigid mechanical amplification element is configured to slide within a second closed loop of the frame.
15. The device of claim 14 , wherein the first closed loop and the second closed loop are positioned to enable positioning of the first rigid mechanical amplification element over the radial artery and the second rigid mechanical amplification element over the ulnar artery.
16. The device of claim 1 , wherein the frame includes at least one elongated closed loop that forms an opening to receive the first rigid mechanical amplification and enable the first rigid mechanical amplification element to slide in the first direction along a length of the frame.
17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first rigid mechanical amplification element is a non-conductive material that includes at least one of rigid plastic, wood, a rigid polymer, and stone.