Expanded polymer pellets
The invention refers to a method for producing expanded polymer pellets, which comprises the following steps: melting a polymer comprising a polyamide; adding at least one blowing agent; expanding the melt through at least one die for producing an expanded polymer; and pelletizing the expanded polymer. The invention further concerns polymer pellets produced with the method as well as their use, e.g. for the production of cushioning elements for sports apparel, such as for producing soles or parts of soles of sports shoes. A further aspect of the invention concerns a method for the manufacture of molded components, comprising loading pellets of an expanded polymer material into a mold, and connecting the pellets by providing heat energy, wherein the expanded polymer material of the pellets or beads comprises a chain extender. The molded components may be used in broad ranges of application.
1. A method for producing expanded polymer pellets, comprising:
a. melting a base polymer consisting of 100% by weight of a polyamide to form a polymer melt;
b. adding at least one blowing agent to the polymer melt;
c. expanding the polymer melt through at least one die to produce an expanded polymer, wherein a pressure at the at least one die is in a range from 80 bar to 220 bar, and wherein the polymer melt inside the at least one die is subjected to a pressure drop to produce the expanded polymer; and
d. pelletizing the expanded polymer, after expanding the polymer melt through the at least one die, to form the expanded polymer pellets;
e. wherein the expanded polymer pellet comprises a chain extender.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded polymer is pelletized in an underwater pelletizer.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded polymer pellets have internally an at least partially ruptured foam structure.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the blowing agent comprises nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ethanol, isopropanol, or mixtures thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the die is a round die.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein mass temperature at the die is from 150 to 170° C.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises adding a nucleating agent to the polymer melt.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded polymer pellets have a size from 2 to 10 mm when measured according to ISO 9276.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded polymer pellets have a particle density from 20 to 40 kg/m 3 .
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded particle pellets have a mean cell diameter from 10 to 350 μm.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded polymer pellets exhibit a variation of less than 50% in their storage modulus at a temperature from −40 to 40° C.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chain extender is added to the polymer melt.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded polymer is semi-crystalline.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chain extender comprises epoxy groups.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chain extender comprises pyromellitic dianhydride, styrene maleic anhydride, triglycidyl isocyanurate, tetraglycidyl diamino diphenyl methane, or combinations thereof.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chain extender is a styrene-acrylate copolymer containing reactive epoxy groups.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyamide is at least one of homopolyamide, copolyamide, polyetherblockamide, polyphthalamide, and combinations thereof.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyamide comprises polyamide 6, polyamide 6,6, polyamide 6,10, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 10,12, polyamide 10,10, and combinations thereof.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer melt further comprises at least one of flame inhibitors, plasticizers, reinforcing agents, pigments, dyes, heat- or light-stabilizers, antistatic agents, fillers, and mixtures thereof.