Processes for producing petrochemical products from atmospheric residues

1. A process for producing petrochemical products from a hydrocarbon material, the process comprising:

separating crude oil into at least two or more fractions in an atmospheric distillation column, wherein one of the fractions is an atmospheric residue;

hydrotreating the atmospheric residue to form a hydrotreated atmospheric residue;

combining steam with the hydrotreated atmospheric residue such that the partial pressure of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue is reduced; and

cracking at least a portion of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue in the presence of a first catalyst at a reaction temperature of from 500° C. to 700° C. to produce a cracking reaction product,

wherein the steam: hydrotreated atmospheric residue mass ratio is at least 0.5.

2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cracking reaction product comprises at least one of ethylene, propene, butene, or pentene.

3. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:

separating cycle oil from the cracking reaction product; and

recycling the cycle oil by combining the cycle oil with the atmospheric residue or hydrotreated atmospheric residue.

4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the cycle oil is combined with the atmospheric residue in a hydrotreating unit wherein the hydrotreating of the atmospheric residue takes place.

5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the crude oil has an API gravity of from 25° to 40°.

6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrotreating of the atmospheric residue removes at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the atmospheric residue to form the hydrotreated atmospheric residue.

7. The process of claim 1 , wherein steam is combined with the hydrotreated atmospheric residue upstream of the cracking of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue.

8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:

separating at least a portion of the cracking reaction product from a spent catalyst; and

regenerating at least a portion of the spent catalyst to produce a regenerated catalyst.

9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the difference between the 5 wt. % boiling point and the 95 wt. % boiling point of the crude oil is at least 100° C.

10. A process for producing a petrochemical product stream from a hydrocarbon material, the process comprising:

separating a crude oil stream into at least two or more fractions in an atmospheric distillation column, wherein one of the fractions is an atmospheric residue stream;

hydrotreating the atmospheric residue stream to form a hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream;

combining steam with the hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream such that the partial pressure of the hydrocarbons in the hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream is reduced; and

cracking at least a portion of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream in the presence of a first catalyst at a reaction temperature of from 500° C. to 700° C. to produce a cracking reaction product stream,

wherein the steam: hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream mass ratio is at least 0.5.

11. The process of claim 10 , wherein the cracking reaction product stream comprises at least one of ethylene, propene, butene, or pentene.

12. The process of claim 10 , further comprising:

separating a cycle oil stream from the cracking reaction product stream; and

recycling the cycle oil stream by combining the cycle oil stream with the atmospheric residue stream or hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream.

13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the cycle oil stream is combined with the atmospheric residue stream in a hydrotreating unit wherein the hydrotreating of the atmospheric residue stream takes place.

14. The process of claim 10 , wherein the crude oil stream has an API gravity of from 25° to 40°.

15. The process of claim 10 , wherein the hydrotreating of the atmospheric residue stream removes at least a portion of metals, nitrogen, or aromatics content from the atmospheric residue stream to form the hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream.

16. The process of claim 10 , wherein steam is combined with the hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream upstream of the cracking of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue stream.

17. The process of claim 10 , further comprising:

separating at least a portion of the cracking reaction product stream from a spent catalyst; and

regenerating at least a portion of the spent catalyst to produce a regenerated catalyst.

18. The process of claim 10 , wherein the difference between the 5 wt. % boiling point and the 95 wt. % boiling point of the crude oil stream is at least 100° C.