Apparatus and method for wear detection of railroad vehicle wheels
A railroad wheel impact load detection test panel includes a secondary instrumentation rail proximate a field side of a primary or running rail of a section of railroad track, and elevated a prescribed distance so that the wheels of a rail car traverse the instrumentation rail within the test panel. The instrumentation rail includes an optical strain gauge to sense the wheel impact load. The sensed impact data is correlated with wheel damage signatures to identify wheels to be restored or replaced before failure occurs.
1. A railroad wheel impact load detection test panel, comprising:
a section of a railroad track having first and second primary rails;
a first secondary rail and a second secondary rail, each having a first end and a second end and disposed proximate a field side of each primary rail of the railroad track such that its running surface is elevated by a predetermined increment relative to the running surface of the primary rail, wherein the field side is an opposite side from a flange of a railroad wheel; and
a sensor disposed on the bottom surface of each secondary rail at a predetermined location; wherein
the secondary rail includes an elevation transition ramp disposed at each first and second end thereof.
2. The detection test panel of claim 1 , wherein:
the first and second primary rails are spaced a defined gauge distance apart and supported on a ballast composition constructed on the Earth's surface; wherein
the section of railroad track is a selected portion of track disposed on a railroad right of way.
3. The detection test panel of claim 1 , wherein each first and second secondary rail comprises:
a predetermined length of rail supported proximate each primary rail such that its running surface is disposed by an elevation of 0.250 to 0.500 inches above the elevation of the proximate primary rail; and
each first and second end of each secondary rail is tapered downward such that the elevation at each first and second end thereof is equal to the elevation of the proximate primary rail; wherein
the predetermined length of the first and second secondary rails is at least 80 feet.
4. The detection test panel of claim 3 , wherein the elevation of each secondary rail is approximately 0.375 inch.
5. The detection test panel of claim 1 , wherein the sensor comprises:
an optical strain gauge having a fiber optic sensing element housed in a weather-resistant container; and
an integral connector for coupling the optical strain gauge to external instrumentation; wherein
the sensing element has a sensitivity corresponding to a resolution of no greater than a one thousand pound (one kip) load on the first and second secondary rails.
6. The detection test panel of claim 5 , wherein the external instrumentation comprises:
a housing supported on a tower along a wayside of the railroad track;
a processing system housed in the housing and connected through a cable to the integral connector; wherein
the processing system is controlled by program software stored in non-volatile memory coupled to the processing system.
7. The detection test panel of claim 1 , wherein further comprising:
a first and second guard rail disposed along each primary rail and spaced a defined distance inward from each primary rail; wherein
the defined distance is sufficient to allow free passage of a standard railroad wheel flange.
8. The detection test panel of claim 1 , wherein the sensor provides an output comprising:
a distinctive signature of wheel tread defects indicating one or more of rim breakage, surface or subsurface fatigue, tread cracks, wheel flats, tread indentations, and sliding wear.
9. A railroad wheel impact load detection test panel, comprising:
a section of a railroad track having first and second primary rails;
at least one secondary rail, having a first end and a second end and disposed proximate a field side of either primary rail of the railroad track such that its running surface is elevated by a predetermined increment relative to the running surface of the primary rail, wherein the field side is an opposite side from a flange of a railroad wheel; and
a sensor disposed on the bottom surface of the at least one secondary rail at a predetermined location; wherein
the at least one secondary rail includes an elevation transition ramp disposed at each first and second end thereof.
10. The detection test panel of claim 9 , wherein:
the first and second primary rails are spaced a defined gauge distance apart and supported on a ballast composition constructed on the Earth's surface; wherein
the section of railroad track is a selected portion of track disposed on a railroad right of way.
11. The detection test panel of claim 9 , wherein the at least one secondary rail comprises:
a predetermined length of rail supported proximate an associated primary rail such that its running surface is disposed by an elevation of 0.250 to 0.500 inches above the elevation of the proximate primary rail; and
each first and second end of each secondary rail is tapered downward such that the elevation at each first and second end thereof is equal to the elevation of the proximate primary rail; wherein the predetermined length of the first and second secondary rails is at least 80 feet.
12. The detection test panel of claim 9 , wherein the elevation of each secondary rail is approximately 0.375 inch.
13. The detection test panel of claim 9 , wherein the sensor comprises:
an optical strain gauge having a fiber optic sensing element housed in a weather-resistant container; and
an integral connector for coupling the optical strain gauge to external instrumentation; wherein
the sensing element has a sensitivity corresponding to a resolution of no greater than a one thousand pound (one kip) load on the at least one secondary rail.
14. The detection test panel of claim 13 , wherein the external instrumentation comprises:
a housing supported on a tower along a wayside of the railroad track;
a processing system housed in the housing and connected through a cable to the integral connector; wherein
the processing system is controlled by program software stored in non-volatile memory coupled to the processing system.
15. The detection test panel of claim 9 , wherein further comprising:
a first and second guard rail disposed along each primary rail and spaced a defined distance inward from each primary rail; wherein
the defined distance is sufficient to allow free passage of a standard railroad wheel flange.
16. The detection test panel of claim 9 , wherein the sensor provides an output comprising:
a distinctive signature of wheel tread defects indicating one or more of rim breakage, surface or subsurface fatigue, tread cracks, wheel flats, tread indentations, and sliding wear.