Composite panel having noncombustible polymer matrix core
A composite panel structure of a polymer matrix core sandwiched by metal layers is described. The polymer matrix comprises 1-30 wt % fluoropolymer and 70-99 wt % of a flame retardant mineral. The fluoropolymer may be polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with a high limiting oxygen index, which confers fire resistance properties to the polymer matrix and the composite panel structure. The composite panel structure may be used on the exterior of buildings and may fulfill building code requirements for the polymer matrix core being noncombustible as determined by ASTM E136 and CAN/ULC S114 compliance.
1. A building siding or cladding material having a composite panel structure, comprising:
a polymer matrix as a core sandwiched by first and second metal layers, the polymer matrix comprising:
10-24 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride having a melting point in a range of 100-160° C., and
76-90 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to a total weight of the polymer matrix,
wherein at least 98 wt % of the polymer matrix is polyvinylidene fluoride and aluminum hydroxide.
2. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix comprises:
15-24 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride, and
76-85 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to the total weight of the polymer matrix.
3. The building siding or cladding material of claim 2 , wherein the polymer matrix comprises:
17-23 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride, and
77-83 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to the total weight of the polymer matrix.
4. The building siding or cladding material of claim 3 , wherein the polymer matrix comprises:
19-21 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride, and
79-81 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to the total weight of the polymer matrix.
5. The composite panel structure of claim 1 , wherein the first and second metal layers are each in direct contact with the polymer matrix.
6. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride has a limiting oxygen index of greater than 20.
7. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride has a limiting oxygen index of greater than 40.
8. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride has a limiting oxygen index of at least 90.
9. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein at least 99 wt % of the polymer matrix is polyvinylidene fluoride and aluminum hydroxide.
10. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , further comprising a fluoropolymer that is not polyvinylidene fluoride.
11. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix has a density in a range of 2,000-2,600 kg/m 3 .
12. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix is noncombustible as determined by ASTM E136 compliance.
13. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix is noncombustible as determined by CAN/ULC S114 compliance.
14. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum hydroxide is in the form of particles with a mean particle diameter in a range of 20-150 μm.
15. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix is monolithic, being a continuous solid with no pores, holes, or air bubbles, and
wherein the polymer matrix is not penetrated by rods or discs.
16. The building siding or cladding material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix consists of polyvinylidene fluoride and aluminum hydroxide.
17. A building siding or cladding, comprising the building siding or cladding material of claim 1 .
18. A building siding or cladding material having a composite panel structure, comprising:
a polymer matrix as a core layer sandwiched by first and second metal layers, the polymer matrix consisting of:
1-24 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride, and
76-99 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to the total weight of the polymer matrix,
wherein the polymer matrix is noncombustible as determined by ASTM E136 compliance.
19. A building siding or cladding, comprising the building siding or cladding material of claim 18 .
20. A building siding or cladding material having a composite panel structure, comprising:
a polymer matrix as an intermediate layer sandwiched by first and second metal layers, the polymer matrix consisting of:
1-30 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride having a limiting oxygen index of at least 90, and
70-99 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to the total weight of the polymer matrix,
wherein the first and second metal layers each have a length or a width independently in a range of 0.5-7.0 m.
21. The building siding or cladding material of claim 20 , wherein both the length and the width are independently in a range of 0.5-7.0 m.
22. The building siding or cladding material of claim 20 , wherein the polymer matrix is a continuous solid with no pores, holes, or air bubbles, and
wherein the polymer matrix is not penetrated by rods or discs connecting the inner surfaces of the first and second metal layers.
23. The building siding or cladding material of claim 20 , wherein an average thickness of the polymer matrix is in a range of 1.0-5.0 mm.
24. A building siding or cladding, comprising the building siding or cladding material of claim 20 .
25. A building siding or cladding material having a composite panel structure, comprising:
a polymer matrix as a core sandwiched by first and second metal layers, the polymer matrix comprising:
1-24 wt % polyvinylidene fluoride having a limiting oxygen index of at least 90, and
76-99 wt % aluminum hydroxide, each relative to the total weight of the polymer matrix,
wherein at least 98 wt % of the polymer matrix is polyvinylidene fluoride and aluminum hydroxide, and
wherein an average thickness of the polymer matrix is in a range of 1.0-5.0 mm.
26. The building siding or cladding material of claim 25 , wherein the average thickness of the polymer matrix is in a range of 2.0-5.0 mm.
27. The building siding or cladding material of claim 25 , wherein at least 99 wt % of the polymer matrix is polyvinylidene fluoride and aluminum hydroxide.
28. The building siding or cladding material of claim 25 , wherein the polymer matrix consists of polyvinylidene fluoride and aluminum hydroxide.
29. The building siding or cladding material of claim 25 , wherein the polymer matrix is a continuous solid with no pores, holes, or air bubbles, and
wherein the polymer matrix is not penetrated by rods or discs connecting the inner surfaces of the first and second metal layers.
30. A building siding or cladding, comprising the building siding or cladding Material of claim 25 .