System and method for extraction and cryopreservation of bone marrow

1. A method for manipulating environmental conditions of a cadaver such that stem cells obtained from bone explanted from the cadaver comprise stem cells, among which at least 70% of recovered stem cells are viable, the method comprising steps of:

(1) identifying a human who is nearing death;

(2) recording the time of death of the human, at this time the human becomes a cadaver;

(3) placing the cadaver or an explanted bone from the cadaver into a cooling environment;

(4) recording the time when step (3) occurs;

wherein the period of time from step (2) to step (3) is referred to as the warm ischemia time (WIT) and step (3) is performed from no less than one-half to no more than about eight hours after step (2); and

(5) processing the cadaver bone for extraction of stem cells; and

(6) recording the time when step (5) begins;

wherein the period of time from step (3) to step (5) is referred to as the cold ischemia time (CIT) and step (5) is performed from no less than about seven hours to no more than about thirty-nine and one-half hours after step (3),

wherein the total ischemia time, comprising the sum of WIT and CIT, is less than about forty hours such that:

when the WIT is more than one-half hour, the CIT is no more than thirty-nine and one-half hours; and

when the WIT is about eight hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-two hours;

wherein when the sum of WIT and CIT is greater than forty hours and/or WIT is greater than eight hours and/or CIT is greater than about thirty-nine and one-half hours, fewer recovered stem cells will be viable when compared to when the sum of WIT and CIT is forty hours or less and/or WIT is from no less than about one-half to no more than about eight hours and/or CIT is from no less than about seven hours to no more than about thirty-nine and one-half hours.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method provides at least about 80% viable CD34+ cells.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method provides at least about 10 to about 350 CFU-Total, wherein, CFU-Total is the total number of colony forming units (CFUs) per 10 5 nucleated cells detected.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method provides at least about 10 to about 100 CFU-GM, wherein CFU-GM is the number of CFU granulocyte macrophages detected per 10 5 nucleated cells.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Body Cooling Time (BCT) is less than about four hours, wherein the BCT begins when the cadaver is placed in a cooling environment and ends when cadaver bone is placed in a cooling environment or condition;

wherein BCT only occurs when a cadaver is placed into a cooling environment and an explanted bone is extracted from the cooled cadaver.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the BCT is less than about 1 hour.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the BCT is about zero hours.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the total ischemia time comprising the sum of WIT, CIT, and Body Cooling Time (BCT) is less than about forty hours, wherein the BCT begins when the cadaver is placed in a cooling environment and ends when cadaver bone is placed in a cooling environment or condition;

wherein BCT only occurs when a cadaver is placed into a cooling environment and an explanted bone is extracted from the cooled cadaver.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the BCT is less than one hour.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the BCT is about zero hours.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recovered stem cells comprise hematopoietic stem cells.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the recovered stem cells comprise CD34+ cells.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein at least 80% of the recovered CD34+ cells are viable.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein at least 85% of the recovered CD34+ cells are viable.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the recovered stem cells comprise mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recovered stem cells comprise mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cadaver bone is derived from a vertebral body, an ileum, or a combination thereof.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cadaver bone is derived from a plurality of cadaver bones from the same donor.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cadaver bone is obtained from a human donor.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

when the WIT is more than one hour, the CIT is no more than thirty-nine hours,

when the WIT is more than one and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-eight and one-half hours,

when the WIT is more than two hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-eight hours,

when the WIT is more than two and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-seven and one-half hours,

when the WIT is more than three hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-seven hours,

when the WIT is more than three and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-six and one-half hours,

when the WIT is more than four hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-six hours,

when the WIT is more than four and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-five and one-half hours,

when the WIT is more than five hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-five hours,

when the WIT is more than five and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-four and one-half hours,

when the WIT is more than six hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-four hours,

when the WIT is more than six and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-three and one-half hours,

when the WIT is more than seven hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-three hours, and

when the WIT is more than seven and one-half hours, the CIT is no more than thirty-two and one-half hours.

21. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

when the sum of WIT and CIT is forty hours or greater, fewer recovered stem cells will be viable when compared to when the sum of WIT and CIT is about thirty hours or less;

when the sum of WIT and CIT is thirty hours or greater, fewer recovered stem cells will be viable when compared to when the sum of WIT and CIT is about twenty hours or less; and

when the sum of WIT and CIT is twenty hours or greater, fewer recovered stem cells will be viable when compared to when the sum of WIT and CIT is about ten hours or less.