High-speed high-resolution slide screw tuner
View Patent ↗A slide screw tuner movement control mechanism uses two horizontal stepper motors driving the ACME lead screw, which controls the horizontal position of the mobile carriage moving the tuning probe along the slabline. Each motor is linked with the ACME using different gear ratio, designed for coarse and fine horizontal increment (step size). This allows making ultra-wideband tuners with Fmax:Fmin>10:1 for optimized tuning speed at low frequencies and high tuning resolution at high frequencies. Appropriate calibration and optimized movement algorithms extract the best compromise between speed and tuning resolution.
1. A slide screw impedance tuner comprising,
a low loss slotted transmission airline (slabline) having a test port, an idle port and a center conductor between the ports,
and
at least one remotely controlled mobile carriage sliding horizontally along the slabline, and an electronic motor control board;
said at least one carriage comprising at least one, remotely controlled, vertical axis holding a metallic tuning probe insertable into the slot of the slabline;
and
an ACME lead screw controlling the horizontal position of the at least one carriage along the slabline,
wherein;
the ACME lead screw is controlled by horizontal stepper motors M 1 and M 2 wherein
motor M 1 controls the ACME lead screw using a set R 12 of two pulleys R 1 and R 2 and a timing belt,
and
motor M 2 controls the ACME lead screw using a set R 34 of two pulleys R 3 and R 4 and a timing belt,
and wherein;
the set R 12 of pulleys has a primary pulley R 1 mounted on the axis of motor M 1 and a secondary pulley R 2 mounted on the ACME lead screw, and
the set R 34 of pulleys has a primary pulley R 3 mounted on the axis of motor M 2 and a secondary pulley R 4 mounted on the ACME lead screw,
and wherein;
the R 12 set of pulleys has a ratio of the pulley radii R 1 /R 2 and the R 34 set of pulleys has a ratio of the pulley radii R 3 /R 4 .
2. The tuner of claim 1
wherein
the ratio R 1 /R 2 varies typically between 1/1 and 1/2, and the ratio R 3 /R 4 varies typically between 1/4 and 1/8.
3. The tuner of claim 1
wherein
the motors are controlled via control wires and wherein a toggle switch links the control wires of motor M 1 or motor M 2 , alternatively, to the electronic motor control board, and wherein the electronic motor control board is linked with to a control computer,
and wherein
the control wires of the non-linked motor are kept open-circuited.
4. Calibration method for the tuner as in claim 3 ,
wherein
a) the tuner is connected to a pre-calibrated vector network analyzer;
b) the cross-over frequency Fc is calculated;
c) in a frequency (F) loop from a minimum frequency (Fmin) to a maximum frequency (Fmax)
i) execute vertical scaling;
ii) if F<Fc use motor M 1 , else use motor M 2 ;
iii) move tuning probe to a multitude of horizontal (X) and vertical (Y) positions;
iv) measure s-parameters and save in a calibration file.
5. Movement control algorithm for the tuner of claim 3 ,
wherein;
the maximum horizontal movement of λ/2 corresponds to XMAX motor steps of motor M 2 , and the absolute horizontal difference between an actual probe position and a target probe position is ΔX;
and wherein
the portion (1−R 2 *R 3 /(R 1 *R 4 )) of ΔX is covered by movement of M 1 and the remaining by movement of M 2 .
6. Movement control algorithm for the tuner of claim 3 ,
wherein;
the maximum horizontal movement of λ/2 corresponds to XMAX motor steps of motor M 2 , and the absolute horizontal difference between an actual probe position and a target probe position is ΔX;
and wherein
the portion (int)(ΔX*R 4 /R 3 ) is covered by movement of M 1 and the portion ΔX*R 4 /R 3 −(int)(ΔX*R 4 /R 3 ) is covered by movement of M 2 .