Pneumatic haptic device having actuation cells for producing a haptic output over a bed mattress
An in-bed haptic device may include an array of actuation cells. Actuation cells of the array of actuation cells may be configured to actuate (e.g., expand, contract, or otherwise change shape) in a predetermined sequence to provide haptic outputs. The in-bed haptic device may be configured to be placed beneath a user during use, for example between a user and a mattress. The haptic outputs may be provided to help a user relax, to move and/or wake a user, to indicate outputs, alerts, or notifications at the in-bed haptic device or another electronic device, or the like.
1. An in-bed haptic device, comprising:
a top layer defining a top external surface;
a bottom layer defining a bottom external surface;
an array of actuation cells positioned between the top layer and the bottom layer, each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells formed from a respective sheet coupled to the bottom layer and configured to expand upward in response to fluid being introduced into a respective actuation cell; and
a channel layer positioned between the bottom layer and the array of actuation cells, the channel layer formed from a second sheet defining one or more passages configured to fluidly couple the array of actuation cells to a control system, the one or more passages each extend from an edge of the second sheet and to the respective actuation cell of the array of actuation cells; wherein:
the control system is configured to introduce pressurized air into individual cells of the array of actuation cells in a predetermined sequence to provide a haptic output.
2. The in-bed haptic device of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of actuation cells is configured to locally deform the top external surface to provide the haptic output;
each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells comprises a bladder configured to inflate in response to the control system introducing the pressurized air into an interior volume of the bladder; and
each bladder of the array of actuation cells is fluidly coupled to the control system by a respective passage of the one or more passages.
3. The in-bed haptic device of claim 2 , wherein each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells is configured to expand in a direction that is substantially transverse to the top external surface, thereby increasing a thickness of a region of the in-bed haptic device corresponding to the actuation cell.
4. The in-bed haptic device of claim 1 , wherein:
the in-bed haptic device defines a thickness between the top external surface and the bottom external surface;
the thickness of the in-bed haptic device is less than five percent of a width of the in-bed haptic device; and
the thickness of the in-bed haptic device is less than five percent of a length of the in-bed haptic device.
5. The in-bed haptic device of claim 4 , wherein:
the bottom layer has a first stiffness; and
the top layer has a second stiffness less than the first stiffness.
6. The in-bed haptic device of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of actuation cells comprises a first actuation cell and a second actuation cell adjacent to the first actuation cell; and
providing the haptic output comprises inflating the first actuation cell while maintaining the second actuation cell in an uninflated state.
7. The in-bed haptic device of claim 1 , wherein providing the haptic output comprises actuating multiple actuation cells of the array of actuation cells according to an actual randomized pattern or a simulated randomized pattern.
8. The in-bed haptic device of claim 1 , wherein providing the haptic output comprises actuating multiple actuation cells of the array of actuation cells to simulate a wave moving at least partially across the top external surface of the in-bed haptic device.
9. An in-bed haptic device, comprising:
a top layer defining a top external surface;
a bottom layer defining a bottom external surface, the top layer and bottom layer defining a flexible enclosure;
a channel layer defining a top surface and a bottom surface coupled to the bottom layer, the channel layer defining a set of passages extending from an edge of the flexible enclosure;
an actuation layer coupled to the top surface of the channel layer and defining an array of actuation cells within the flexible enclosure, each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells positioned at an end of a respective passage of the set of passages; and
a control system coupled a pressurized fluid source; wherein:
the bottom layer, the channel layer and the actuation layer form a sealed fluid chamber configured to introduce pressurized fluid from the control system and to individual actuation cells of the array of actuation cells; and
the array of actuation cells is configured to locally deform the top layer of the flexible enclosure to provide a haptic output.
10. The in-bed haptic device of claim 9 , wherein:
each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells comprises a bladder configured to inflate, thereby displacing a corresponding portion of the top layer to provide the haptic output at the top external surface; and
the control system is configured to introduce a fluid to the array of actuation cells to inflate one or more actuation cells of the array of actuation cells.
11. The in-bed haptic device of claim 10 , wherein:
the bladder is a first bladder; and
each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells comprises a second bladder fluidly coupled to the first bladder and positioned between the first bladder and the top layer.
12. The in-bed haptic device of claim 9 , wherein each passage of the set of passages define sidewalls of a respective passage of the set of passages.
13. The in-bed haptic device of claim 12 , wherein:
a first element of the in-bed haptic device defines a top wall of each passage of the set of passages; and
a second element of the in-bed haptic device defines a bottom wall of each passage of the set of passages.
14. The in-bed haptic device of claim 9 , wherein:
the top layer has a first stiffness; and
the bottom layer has a second stiffness greater than the first stiffness.
15. The in-bed haptic device of claim 9 , further comprising an actuation component that couples the top layer to the bottom layer and allows the top layer to move relative to the bottom layer.
16. The in-bed haptic device of claim 9 , wherein the in-bed haptic device is configured to be placed between a mattress and a user.
17. The in-bed haptic device of claim 9 , further comprising:
a piezoelectric sensor positioned within the flexible enclosure; and
a connector that includes an electrical component coupled to the piezoelectric sensor and fluid tubing coupled to at least one passage of the set of passages.
18. A system for providing haptic outputs, comprising:
an in-bed haptic device comprising:
a top layer defining a top external surface;
a bottom layer defining a bottom external surface;
an array of actuation cells positioned between the top layer and the bottom layer, each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells configured to inflate; and
a channel layer positioned between the bottom layer and the array of actuation cells the channel layer defining a set of passages, each passage of the set of passages extending from an edge of the channel layer and to a respective actuation cell of the array of actuation cells;
a control system comprising:
a reservoir configured to contain a fluid;
a pump configured to pressurize the fluid contained in the reservoir;
a valve array configured to fluidly couple the reservoir to the the set of passages; and
a processing unit configured to control the valve array to inflate individual actuation cells of the array of actuation cells in a predetermined sequence using the pressurized fluid to provide a haptic output.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein:
the reservoir is a high pressure reservoir;
the fluid is a first fluid;
the pump is a first pump configured to increase a first pressure of the first fluid above an atmospheric pressure; and
the control system further comprises:
a vacuum reservoir configured to contain a second fluid; and
a second pump configured to decrease a second pressure of the second fluid below the atmospheric pressure.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein, for each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells:
the actuation cell is configured to be fluidly coupled to the high pressure reservoir by a first respective valve of the valve array; and
the processing unit is configured to open the first respective valve to inflate the actuation cell.
21. The system of claim 19 , wherein, for each actuation cell of the array of actuation cells:
the actuation cell is configured to be fluidly coupled to the vacuum reservoir by a second respective valve of the valve array; and
the processing unit is configured to open the second respective valve to deflate the actuation cell.