Air supply system for fuel cell and method of controlling same
An air supply system for a fuel cell includes: a fuel cell stack in which multiple unit cells are stacked and that generates electricity through chemical reactions, an air channel to supply incoming air containing oxygen to the fuel cell stack and to transfer air discharged from the fuel cell stack to the outside of the air supply system, and a gas adsorption unit that is disposed on the air channel, positioned near an outlet of the fuel cell stack, and adsorbs oxygen contained in the air introduced into the air channel.
1. An air supply system for a fuel cell, the air supply system comprising:
a fuel cell stack including multiple unit cells configured to generate electrical energy through a chemical reaction;
an air channel configured to: supply air containing oxygen to an inlet of the fuel cell stack and transfer air discharged from an outlet of the fuel cell stack to an outside of the air supply system;
a gas adsorption unit disposed on the air channel, positioned downstream of the outlet of the fuel cell stack, and configured to adsorb oxygen contained in air introduced into the air channel; and
a voltage source configured to apply a voltage to the gas adsorption unit to cause the oxygen adsorbed in the gas adsorption unit to react with fuel.
2. The air supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the gas adsorption unit includes a pack of diatomite powder containing metal and catalyst, and is configured to adsorb oxygen in the air flowing through the air channel.
3. The air supply system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a power supply controller configured to control the voltage source to selectively apply a voltage to the gas adsorption unit, based on an operating state of the fuel cell stack.
4. The air supply system according to claim 3 , wherein the voltage source is implemented with part of the multiple unit cells included in the fuel cell stack.
5. The air supply system according to claim 3 , further comprising:
a switch disposed between the voltage source and the gas adsorption unit,
wherein the power supply controller is configured to control the switch to be turned on such that a voltage is applied to the gas adsorption unit via the switch when a power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is stopped and then resumed.
6. The air supply system according to claim 3 , further comprising:
a fuel return channel configured to return fuel discharged from the outlet of the fuel cell stack to the inlet of the fuel cell stack;
a purge channel connecting the fuel return channel and the air channel, wherein the purge channel is connected to the fuel return channel at a position downstream of the outlet of the fuel cell stack; and
a purge valve disposed on the purge channel and configured to adjust a flow rate of fuel flowing through the purge channel when air in the fuel return channel is evacuated into the air channel through the purge channel,
wherein the power supply controller is configured to control the voltage source to apply a voltage to the gas adsorption unit when the purge valve opens.
7. The air supply system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a fuel return channel configured to return fuel discharged from the outlet of the fuel cell stack to the inlet of the fuel cell stack;
a purge channel configured to connect the fuel return channel to the air channel, wherein the purge channel is connected to the fuel return channel at a position downstream of the outlet of the fuel cell stack;
a purge valve disposed on the purge channel and configured to adjust a flow rate of fuel flowing through the purge channel when fuel in the fuel return channel is evacuated into the air channel through the purge channel; and
a purge controller configured to control the purge valve to open when a power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is stopped and then resumed.
8. The air supply system according to claim 1 , further comprising: a first shutoff valve disposed on the air channel, positioned downstream of the outlet of the fuel cell stack, and positioned downstream of the gas adsorption unit; and a second shutoff valve positioned upstream of the fuel cell stack and configured to block air flow through the air channel in a state where a power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is stopped.