Processes for the preparation of alkyl furans using bifunctional copper catalysts
The present disclosure relates to the selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-based furanic ketones with a bifunctional copper-based catalyst in the presence of a solvent to prepare alkyl furans with high yield, purity, and scalability. The alkyl furans prepared herein are useful in the preparation of surfactants.
1. A method for preparing a compound of Formula I,
comprising contacting a compound of Formula II,
with a bifunctional copper-based catalyst for selective hydrodeoxygenation of the ketone moiety in the presence of a solvent,
wherein said bifunctional copper-based catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of 10% Cu/SiO 2 , 10% Cu/PERLKAT 46-10, 10% Cu/PERLKAT 79-3, 10% Cu/HZSM5, and 10% Cu/zeolite Y,
wherein R is a linear or branched C 1-20 alkyl, and
wherein the method is carried out in a continuous flow reactor.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said bifunctional copper-based catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of 10% Cu/zeolite Y, 10% Cu/HZSM-5, and 10% Cu/PERLKAT 79-3.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula II is present in an amount of about 5 to about 10 moles relative to 1 mole of the bifunctional copper-based catalyst.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of hexane, cyclohexane, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dichloromethane, pentane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and acetone.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the solvent is hexane.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is performed at a temperature in the range of about 160° C. to about 240° C.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the method is performed at a temperature of about 220° C.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said compound of Formula I is
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said alkyl is linear C 11 alkyl.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method achieves at least 75% selective hydrodeoxygenation of the ketone moiety.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method achieves at least 95% selective hydrodeoxygenation of the ketone moiety.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method achieves at least 98% selective hydrodeoxygenation of the ketone moiety.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula I is a compound for use in the preparation of a surfactant.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein said reactor further comprises flowing hydrogen/argon gas.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the flowing hydrogen/argon gas comprises a mixture of 50% hydrogen and 50% argon.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said flowing hydrogen/argon gas has a flow rate of about 20 mL/min.