Fuel compositions from light tight oils and high sulfur fuel oils
Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.
1. A formulated combination useful as a fuel characterized in that it is formed by combining a range of hydrocarbons of (L)+(M)+(H) and the resulting final combination has the following properties:
(a) sulfur from 0.05 wt.% (500 ppmwt) to 0.25 wt. % (2500 ppmwt),
(b) final combination density from 820 to 880 Kg/M3 at 15° C.,
(c) total metals of 25 ppmwt or less,
(d) HHV from 43.81 to 45.15 MJ/kg, and
(e) LHV from 41.06 to 42.33 MJ/kg wherein,
(f) wherein (L) comprises components of naphtha and kerosene range materials, which are refined or partially refined, unrefined or extracted and used without being subject to any fractionation, hydrotreating or other treatment process, except optional separation of light gases or water, having an initial boiling point of 38° C. (100° F.) or less having a ninety percent (90%) plus final boiling point of 190° C. (374° F.) to about 205° C. (401° F.), where (L) range components contribute to (L) range bulk density and to final combination density even though individual constituents of (L) may fall outside said combination density range
(g) wherein (M) comprises refined or partially refined petroleum fractions having initial boiling point of about 190° C. (374° F.) to about 205° C. (401° F.) and a 90% plus final boiling point of about 385° C. (725° F.) to 410° C. (770° F.), where (M) range components contribute to (M) range bulk density and to final combination density, even though individual constituents of (M) may fall outside said combination density, and
(h) wherein (H) comprises refined or partially refined petroleum fractions having initial boiling point of about 385° C. (725° F.) to about 410° C. (770° F.) and a final boiling point of about 815° C. (1499° F.) or less, where final boiling point of (H) is highest boiling point of a component of a stream treated by solvent separation to reduce presence of asphaltenes and metals then recovered and subsequently treated by hydroconversion or hydrotreating to a level to enable addition of such stream to a combination of (L), (M) and (H) to meet final sulfur content for the combination fuel, and where (H) range components contribute to (H) range bulk density and to final combination density even though individual constituents of (H) may fall outside said combination density range.
2. A fuel in accordance with claim 1 wherein having one or more the following additional properties:
(a) kinematic viscosity at 50° C. of less than 10 mm 2 /s where 1 mm 2 /s =1 cSt,
(b) carbon residue is the range of 0.32 to 1.5,
(c) existent gum is less than 5,
(d) oxidation stability is about 0.5,
(e) acid number less than 0.05 mg KOH/g, and
(f) sulfur from 0.05 wt.% (500 ppmwt) to 0.1 wt. % (1000 ppmwt).