RECIRCULATION FLOW-LOOP BATCH REACTOR WITH EXTERNAL HEAT EXCHANGER
The present invention relates to a batch reactor system designed to conduct heat-induced food-processing transformations. Particularly, the invention describes a Recirculation Flow-Loop Batch (RFLB) Reactor for conducting high-temperature transformations, preferably at short conversion times, which involve non-Newtonian high-viscosity formulations, where the reactants are preferably natural food ingredients. The invention further relates to a method for reducing burn-on effects of ingredients of the formulation when heated and cooled in a RFLB reactor.
1 . A recirculation flow-loop batch reactor for heating and cooling a non-Newtonian high-viscosity fluid comprising:
a reaction vessel,
a recirculation flow-loop connected to the reaction vessel for recirculating the non-Newtonian fluid from the reaction vessel,
a reflux condenser connected to the reaction vessel for evaporative cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid,
two independent heating and cooling dispositions,
a process control unit;
one independent heating and cooling disposition is coupled to the reaction vessel and one other independent heating and cooling disposition is coupled to the recirculation flow-loop; and
the process control unit regulates the two independent heating and cooling dispositions in such a way that a temperature differential between the non-Newtonian fluid and the inner wall of the reaction vessel is below 10° C. at any time during the heating and cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid.
2 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature differential between the non-Newtonian fluid and the inner wall of the reaction vessel is below 8° C., at any time during the heating and cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid.
3 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the non-Newtonian high-viscosity fluid has a flow behavior index n<1, and a flow consistency factor K from 10 to 400 [Pa s n ] at a temperature of 25° C.
4 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 3 , wherein the non-Newtonian high-viscosity fluid has a flow behavior index n<0.7, and a flow consistency factor K from 12 to 200 [Pa s n ] at a temperature of 25° C.
5 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 3 , wherein the non-Newtonian high-viscosity fluid is a food composition.
6 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 5 , wherein the non-Newtonian high-viscosity fluid is a food composition comprising food ingredients selected from the group consisting of tomato sauce, tomato paste, onion purée, meat slurry, vegetable oil, and combinations thereof.
7 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the independent heating and cooling disposition coupled to the reaction vessel is a thermal fluid heat exchanger.
8 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 7 , wherein the thermal fluid heat exchanger comprises a jacket around the reaction vessel, the jacket through which a heating or cooling fluid can be circulated.
9 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the independent heating and cooling disposition coupled to the recirculation flow-loop is a heat exchanger, a direct steam injector or an ohmic heater.
10 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 9 , wherein heating and cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid in the recirculation flow-loop is by forced convection.
11 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 10 , wherein the non-Newtonian fluid in the recirculation flow-loop has a velocity to induce a wall shear stress of at least 1.0 N m −2 .
12 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction vessel is designed as a vapor separator.
13 . The recirculation flow-loop batch reactor according to claim 12 , wherein the recirculation flow-loop is connected to the reaction vessel in such a way that the non-Newtonian fluid returning from the recirculation flow-loop enters the reaction vessel tangentially.
14 . A method for reducing burn-on effects when heating and cooling a non-Newtonian high-viscosity fluid in a reactor, comprising the step of heating and cooling the non-Newtonian fluid in a recirculation flow-loop batch reactor, where a process control unit regulates two independent heating and cooling dispositions in such a way that a temperature differential between the non-Newtonian fluid and the inner wall of a reaction vessel is below 10° C. at any time during the heating and cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid.
15 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the temperature differential between the non-Newtonian fluid and the inner wall of the reaction vessel is below 8° C., at any time during the heating and cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid.
16 . The method according to claim 14 , comprising the step of heating and cooling a non-Newtonian fluid in a recirculation flow-loop batch reactor comprising a reaction vessel, a recirculation flow-loop connected to the reaction vessel for recirculating the non-Newtonian fluid from the reaction vessel, a reflux condenser connected to the reaction vessel for evaporative cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid, two independent heating and cooling dispositions, a process control unit, wherein one independent heating and cooling disposition is coupled to the reaction vessel and one other independent heating and cooling disposition is coupled to the recirculation flow-loop, and the process control unit regulates the two independent heating and cooling dispositions in such a way that a temperature differential between the non-Newtonian fluid and the inner wall of the reaction vessel is below 10° C. at any time during the heating and cooling of the non-Newtonian fluid.
17 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the heating is from 25° C. to 150° C. or above, and the cooling is from 150° C. or above to 25° C. or below.
18 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the heating is from 20° C. to 175° C. or above, and the cooling is from 175° C. or above to 20° C. or below.
19 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the heating is achieved within 60 minutes.
20 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the cooling is achieved within 60 minutes.