Multi-wavelength wearable device for non-invasive blood measurements in tissue
A system for measuring one or more physiological parameters is provided with a wearable device that includes a light source comprising a driver and a plurality of semiconductor sources that generate an output optical light. The wearable device comprises: one or more lenses to receive at least a portion of the output optical light and to deliver a lens output light to tissue, and a detection system to receive at least a portion of the lens output light reflected from the tissue and to generate an output signal having a signal-to-noise ratio, and to be synchronized to the light source. The detection system comprises at least one analog to digital converter coupled to at least one spatially separated detector. The plurality of semiconductor sources comprises six light emitting diodes, and wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources and the plurality of spatially separated detectors are located on one or more arcs.
1. A system for measuring one or more physiological parameters and for use with a smart phone or tablet, the system comprising:
a wearable device adapted to be placed on teeth, a wrist, or an ear of a user, and including a light source comprising a driver and a plurality of semiconductor sources, the plurality of semiconductor sources configured to generate an output optical light having a plurality of optical wavelengths;
the wearable device comprising one or more lenses configured to receive at least a portion of the output optical light and to deliver a lens output light to tissue;
the wearable device further comprising a detection system configured to receive at least a portion of the lens output light reflected from the tissue and to generate an output signal having a signal-to-noise ratio, wherein the detection system is configured to be synchronized to the light source;
wherein the detection system comprises a plurality of detectors that are spatially separated from each other, and wherein at least one analog to digital converter is coupled to at least one of the spatially separated detectors;
the smart phone or tablet comprising a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, a display, a speaker, a voice input module, a microprocessor and a touch screen, the smart phone or tablet configured to receive and process at least a portion of the output signal, wherein the smart phone or tablet is configured to store and display the processed output signal, and wherein at least a portion of the processed output signal is configured to be transmitted over a wireless transmission link;
wherein the output signal is indicative of one or more of the physiological parameters;
the wearable device configured to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing light intensity of at least one of the semiconductor sources from an initial light intensity;
the detection system further configured to:
generate a first signal responsive to light received while the semiconductor sources are off,
generate a second signal responsive to light received while at least one of the semiconductor sources is on; and
increase the signal-to-noise ratio by comparing the first signal and the second signal; and
wherein the plurality of optical wavelengths comprises three optical wavelengths for measuring at least a portion of the one or more of the physiological parameters, wherein the optical wavelengths comprise near infrared or visible wavelengths.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources comprises six light emitting diodes, and wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources and the plurality of spatially separated detectors are located on one or more arcs.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the output optical light comprises wavelengths between 600 nm and 1000 nm to measure a level of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the output signal corresponding to at least one of the optical wavelengths is used to improve measurement of at least one of the one or more physiological parameters using the output signal corresponding to the other two optical wavelengths.
5. The system of claim 4 ,
wherein the system is configured to use artificial intelligence to process some of the at least a portion of the output signal; and
wherein the system is configured to perform pattern identification or classification, or wherein the system is configured to apply one or more regression signal processing methodologies to at least a part of the output signal.
6. The system of claim 5 ,
wherein the wearable device further comprises a reflective surface to receive and redirect at least some of the output optical light from the plurality of semiconductor sources.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the wearable device is further configured to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing a pulse rate of at least one of the semiconductor sources from an initial non-zero pulse rate.
8. A system for measuring one or more physiological parameters and for use with a smart phone or tablet, the system comprising:
a wearable device adapted to be placed on a wrist or an ear of a user, including a light source comprising a driver and a plurality of semiconductor sources that are light emitting diodes, the light emitting diodes configured to generate an output optical light having one or more optical wavelengths;
the wearable device comprising one or more lenses configured to receive at least a portion of the output optical light and to deliver a lens output light to tissue;
the wearable device further comprising a detection system configured to receive at least a portion of the lens output light reflected from the tissue and to generate an output signal having a signal-to-noise ratio, wherein the detection system is configured to be synchronized to the light source;
wherein the detection system comprises a plurality of detectors that are spatially separated from each other, and wherein at least one analog to digital converter is coupled to at least one of the spatially separated detectors;
the smart phone or tablet comprising a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, a display, a microphone, a speaker, a microprocessor and a touch screen, the smart phone or tablet configured to receive and process at least a portion of the output signal, wherein the smart phone or tablet is configured to store and display the processed output signal, and wherein at least a portion of the processed output signal is configured to be transmitted over a wireless transmission link;
wherein the output signal is indicative of one or more of the physiological parameters;
the wearable device configured to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing light intensity of at least one of the plurality of semiconductor sources from an initial light intensity; and
the detection system further configured to:
generate a first signal responsive to light received while the light emitting diodes are off,
generate a second signal responsive to light received while at least one of the light emitting diodes is on, and
increase the signal-to-noise ratio by comparing the first signal and the second signal; and
wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources comprises six light emitting diodes.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources and the plurality of spatially separated detectors are located on one or more arcs.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the output optical light comprises three optical wavelengths for measuring at least a portion of the one or more of the physiological parameters, and wherein the optical wavelengths comprise near infrared and visible wavelengths.
11. The system of claim 8 , wherein the output optical light comprises wavelengths between 600 nm and 1000 nm to measure a level of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin, and wherein the output signal corresponding to at least one of the optical wavelengths is used to improve measurement of the one or more physiological parameters using the output signal corresponding to the other two optical wavelengths.
12. The system of claim 11 wherein the system is configured to use artificial intelligence in making decisions associated with some of the at least a portion of the output signal; and
wherein the system is configured to perform pattern identification or classification, or wherein the system is configured to apply one or more regression signal processing methodologies to at least a part of the output signal.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the wearable device further comprises a reflective surface positioned to receive and redirect at least some of the output optical light from the plurality of semiconductor sources.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the wearable device is further configured to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing a pulse rate of at least one of the semiconductor sources from an initial non-zero pulse rate.
15. A system for measuring one or more physiological parameters and for use with a smart phone or tablet, the system comprising:
a wearable device adapted to be placed on teeth, a wrist, or an ear of a user, including a light source comprising a driver and a plurality of semiconductor sources that are light emitting diodes, the light emitting diodes configured to generate an output optical light having one or more optical wavelengths;
the wearable device comprising one or more lenses configured to receive at least a portion of the output optical light and to deliver a lens output light to tissue;
the wearable device further comprising a detection system configured to receive at least a portion of the lens output light reflected from the tissue and to generate an output signal having a signal-to-noise ratio, wherein the detection system is configured to be synchronized to the light source;
wherein the detection system comprises a plurality of detectors that are spatially separated from each other, and wherein at least one analog to digital converter is coupled to at least one of the spatially separated detectors;
the smart phone or tablet comprising a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, a display, a microphone, a speaker, a microprocessor and a touch screen, the smart phone or tablet configured to receive and process at least a portion of the output signal, wherein the smart phone or tablet is configured to store and display the processed output signal, and wherein at least a portion of the processed output signal is configured to be transmitted over a wireless transmission link;
wherein the output signal is indicative of one or more of the physiological parameters;
the wearable device configured to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing light intensity of at least one of the plurality of semiconductor sources from an initial light intensity; and
the detection system further configured to:
generate a first signal responsive to light received while the light emitting diodes are off,
generate a second signal responsive to light received while at least one of the light emitting diodes is on, and
increase the signal-to-noise ratio by comparing the first signal and the second signal;
wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources comprises six light emitting diodes, and wherein the plurality of semiconductor sources and the plurality of spatially separated detectors are located on one or more arcs; and
wherein the output optical light comprises wavelengths between 600 nm and 1000 nm to measure a level of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the output optical light comprises three optical wavelengths for measuring at least a portion of the one or more of the physiological parameters, and wherein the output signal corresponding to at least one of the optical wavelengths is used to improve measurement of at least one of the one or more physiological parameters using the output signal corresponding to the other two optical wavelengths.
17. The system of claim 16 ,
wherein the wearable device further comprises a reflective surface to receive and redirect at least some of the output optical light from the plurality of semiconductor sources.
18. The system of claim 17 ,
wherein the system is configured to use artificial intelligence in making decisions associated with some of the at least a portion of the output signal; and
wherein the system is configured to perform pattern identification or classification, or wherein the system is configured to apply one or more regression signal processing methodologies to at least a part of the output signal.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the system is at least in part configured to detect an object, and a property of at least some of the output signal is compared by at least one of the wearable device, the smart phone, and the tablet to a threshold.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the wearable device is further configured to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing a pulse rate of at least one of the semiconductor sources from an initial non-zero pulse rate.