Aluminum-cerium-nickel alloys for additive manufacturing
Disclosed herein are embodiments of an Al—Ce—Ni alloy for use in additive manufacturing. The disclosed alloy embodiments provide fabricated objects, such as bulk components, comprising a heterogeneous microstructure and having good mechanical properties even when exposed to conditions used during the additive manufacturing process. Methods for making and using alloy embodiments also are disclosed herein.
1. An alloy composition, comprising:
greater than 0 wt % to 35 wt % cerium;
greater than 1 wt % to 35 wt % nickel;
a minor alloying element that is manganese, wherein the manganese is present in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt % to 3 wt %; and
a balance of aluminum;
wherein, when the alloy composition is additively manufactured, the amount of cerium and amount of nickel present in the alloy composition are sufficient to cause the formation of an aluminum-based matrix phase comprising isolated features having an average length of 50 nm to 50 μm and one or more intermetallic phases selected from Al 23 Ni 6 Ce 4 , Al 11 Ce 3 , Al 7 Ni 2 Ce, Al 20 Mn 2 Ce or Al 3 Ni, wherein at least one of the one or more intermetallic phases forms lattice-like structures between the aluminum-based matrix, with a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 100 nm; and
wherein more than half of the manganese amount in the alloy is in solid solution in the aluminum-based matrix phase and provides solid solution strengthening to the aluminum-based matrix phase when the alloy is additively manufactured.
2. The alloy composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of vanadium, titanium, hafnium, erbium, or scandium, wherein the vanadium, titanium, hafnium, erbium, or scandium is present in an amount less than 1 wt %, individually.
3. The alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the cerium is present in an amount ranging from 2 wt % to 25 wt %.
4. The alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the cerium is present in an amount ranging from 4 wt % to 20 wt %.
5. The alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the nickel is present in an amount ranging from 2 wt % to 25 wt %.
6. The alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the nickel is present in an amount ranging from 4 wt % to 20 wt %.
7. The alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the alloy composition comprises 9 wt % cerium, 4 wt % nickel, greater than 0 wt % to less than 1 wt % manganese, trace impurities, and the balance of aluminum.
8. The alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the alloy composition comprises 10 wt % cerium, 3 wt % nickel, 1 wt % manganese, trace impurities, and the balance of aluminum.
9. A fabricated object comprising the alloy composition of claim 1 , wherein the fabricated object comprises a heterogeneous microstructure having (i) the aluminum-based matrix phase; and (ii) the at least one intermetallic phase forming the lattice-like structures.
10. The fabricated object of claim 9 , wherein the heterogenous microstructure further comprises at least one precipitate phase.
11. The fabricated object of claim 10 , wherein the at least one precipitate phase is one or more of Al 3 Zr, Al 3 V, Al 3 Ti, Al 3 Hf, Al 3 Er, and Al 3 Sc.
12. The fabricated object of claim 10 , wherein the at least one precipitate phase contains at least a portion of the manganese.
13. The fabricated object of claim 9 , wherein the aluminum-based matrix phase further comprises zirconium in solid solution.
14. The fabricated object of claim 9 , wherein the intermetallic phase comprises at least one of Al 23 Ni 6 Ce 4 , Al 11 Ce 3 , Al 7 Ni 2 Ce, or Al 3 Ni.
15. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy further comprises up to 3 wt % iron, up to 2 wt % magnesium, up to 2 wt % zirconium, up to 1 wt % silicon, up to 5 wt % chromium, or any combination thereof.