Styrene-free copolymers and coating compositions containing such copolymers
An aqueous coating composition is provided that is preferably substantially free of styrene and structural units derived from styrene. The coating composition includes a resin system that preferably includes a water-dispersible polymer and an emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component. The resin system is preferably formed using a process that includes emulsion polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomer component in the presence of an aqueous dispersion including the water-dispersible polymer. In certain preferred embodiments, the water-dispersible polymer is a salt of an acid- or anhydride-functional aromatic polyether polymer.
1. An aqueous food or beverage container coating composition suitable for use in forming a food-contact coating of a metal food or beverage container, the coating composition comprising:
an aqueous carrier; and
a resin system dispersed in the aqueous carrier, wherein the resin system is substantially free of styrene and comprises:
a water-dispersible polymer; and
an emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprising:
(i) at least 30 wt-% of one or more alkyl (meth)acrylates; and
(ii) more than 30 wt-% of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a cycloaliphatic group.
2. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the resin system comprises a reaction product of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer component emulsion polymerized in the presence of an aqueous dispersion of the water-dispersible polymer.
3. The coating composition of claim 2 , wherein the water-dispersible polymer includes one or more ammonia-neutralized or amine-neutralized carboxylic acid or anhydride groups.
4. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the total combined weight of the water-dispersible polymer and the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component is at least 50 wt-% of the total resin solids present in the coating composition.
5. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the water-dispersible polymer comprises a polyolefin polymer.
6. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the water-dispersible polymer has a glass transition temperature of at least 60° C. and a number average molecular weight of at least 2,000.
7. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the water-dispersible polymer comprises an aromatic polyether polymer, and wherein the aromatic polyether polymer is substantially free of each of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S, including epoxides thereof.
8. The coating composition of claim 7 , wherein the aromatic polyether polymer is formed from reactants including an extender and a diepoxide of an ortho-substituted diphenol.
9. The coating composition of claim 7 , wherein the aromatic polyether polymer is formed from reactants including one or both of tetramethyl bisphenol F or a diepoxide of tetramethyl bisphenol F.
10. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the water-dispersible polymer has an acid number from 40 to 400 mg KOH per gram.
11. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least 30 wt-% of the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component is selected from one or more methacrylates.
12. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least at least 30 wt-% of the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component is selected from one or more alkyl methacrylates.
13. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprises 80 to 100 wt-% of alkyl or cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates.
14. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated monomer component comprises at least 40 wt-% of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers having the cycloaliphatic group or a linear or branched hydrocarbon group including at least 4 carbon atoms.
15. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component includes at least 50 wt-% of one or more of methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and butyl methacrylate.
16. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component includes less than 40 wt-%, if any, of methyl methacrylate and has a glass transition temperature greater than 50° C.
17. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cycloaliphatic group is monocyclic.
18. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cycloaliphatic group is polycyclic.
19. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprises one or more of cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate or a mixture thereof.
20. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprises cyclohexyl methacrylate.
21. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition has a viscosity of from 20 to 80 seconds (Ford Cup #2, 25° C.) and is an inside spray coating composition for a food or beverage container.
22. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition, when spray applied onto an interior of a standard 12 ounce aluminum drawn & ironed beverage can at a dry film weight of 115 milligrams per can and baked for at least 50 seconds at an oven temperature of at least 188° C. to achieve a dome peak metal temperature of at least 199° C., exhibits a lower sidewall adhesion rating value of 9 or 10 after retort in 2% citric acid under pressure at 121° C. and tested according to ASTM D 3359—Test Method B, using SCOTCH 610 tape, available from 3M Company of Saint Paul, Minn.
23. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition is substantially free of bisphenols and any structural units derived from a bisphenol.
24. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer component has a glass transition temperature greater than 50° C.
25. A food or beverage container, or a portion thereof, having a cured coating formed from an aqueous food or beverage container coating composition suitable for use in forming a food-contact coating of a metal food or beverage container, the cured coating being disposed on at least a portion of a metal substrate and wherein the coating composition comprised:
an aqueous carrier; and
a resin system dispersed in the aqueous carrier, wherein the resin system is substantially free of styrene and comprises:
a water-dispersible polymer; and
an emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprising:
(iii) at least 30 wt-% of one or more alkyl (meth)acrylates; and
(iv) more than 30 wt-% of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a cycloaliphatic group.
26. The food or beverage container of claim 25 , wherein the coating composition is substantially free of bisphenols and any structural units derived from a bisphenol.
27. The food or beverage container of claim 26 , wherein the water-dispersible polymer is a polyether polymer formed from ingredients including one or both of tetramethyl bisphenol F or a diepoxide of tetramethyl bisphenol F.
28. The food or beverage container of claim 25 , wherein the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprises one or more of cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate or a mixture thereof.
29. The food or beverage container of claim 25 , wherein the emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprises cyclohexyl methacrylate.
30. A method of coating a food or beverage container comprising spray applying a coating composition onto an interior surface of a food or beverage container including a sidewall body portion and end portion, wherein the coating composition comprises:
an aqueous carrier; and
a resin system dispersed in the aqueous carrier, wherein the resin system is substantially free of styrene and comprises:
a water-dispersible polymer; and
an emulsion polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer component comprising:
(i) at least 30 wt-% of one or more alkyl (meth)acrylates; and
(ii) more than 30 wt-% of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a cycloaliphatic group.
31. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the cycloaliphatic groups have 4-membered or larger rings.