Antenna switching scheme
In some aspects, an apparatus includes a transformer including a first inductor, a second inductor, and a third inductor. The apparatus also includes a power amplifier coupled to the first inductor, a first antenna coupled to a first terminal of the second inductor, a second antenna coupled to a second terminal of the second inductor, a first switch coupled between the first terminal of the second inductor and a ground, a second switch coupled between the second terminal of the second inductor and the ground, and a low-noise amplifier coupled to the third inductor.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a transformer including a first inductor, a second inductor, and a third inductor;
a power amplifier coupled to the first inductor;
a first antenna coupled to a first terminal of the second inductor;
a second antenna coupled to a second terminal of the second inductor;
a first switch coupled between the first terminal of the second inductor and a ground;
a second switch coupled between the second terminal of the second inductor and the ground; and
a low-noise amplifier coupled to the third inductor.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first antenna comprises a patch antenna, and the second antenna comprises a dipole antenna.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first antenna is on a first surface, the second antenna is on a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface face different directions.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first surface and the second surface are orientated approximately perpendicular to each other.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the power amplifier is a differential power amplifier having a first output and a second output, the first output is coupled to a first terminal of the first inductor, and the second output is coupled to a second terminal of the first inductor.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a shunt inductor coupled between the second inductor and a ground.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the shunt inductor is coupled to a center tap of the second inductor.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first shunt inductor coupled in parallel with the first switch; and
a second shunt inductor coupled in parallel with the second switch.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to:
turn off the first switch and turn on the second switch in a first antenna mode; and
turn on the first switch and turn off the second switch in a second antenna mode.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a third switch coupled between an input of the low-noise amplifier and the ground.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a third switch coupled between a first terminal of the third inductor and the ground, wherein an input of the low-noise amplifier is coupled to a second terminal of the third inductor.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising a fourth switch coupled between the input of the low-noise amplifier and the ground.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising a controller configured to:
turn off the third switch and turn on the fourth switch in a transmit mode; and
turn on the third switch and turn off the fourth switch in a receive mode.
14. A wireless device, comprising:
a first antenna array comprising a first plurality of antennas;
a second antenna array comprising a second plurality of antennas;
a plurality of power amplifiers;
a plurality of low-noise amplifiers; and
a plurality of switching circuits, wherein each of the plurality of switching circuits comprises:
a transformer including a first inductor, a second inductor, and a third inductor, wherein the first inductor is coupled to a respective one of the plurality of power amplifiers, a first terminal of the second inductor is coupled to a respective one of the first plurality of antennas, a second terminal of the second inductor is coupled to a respective one of the second plurality of antennas, and the third inductor is coupled to a respective one of the plurality of low-noise amplifiers;
a first switch coupled between the first terminal of the second inductor and a ground; and
a second switch coupled between the second terminal of the second inductor and the ground.
15. The wireless device of claim 14 , wherein each of the first plurality of antennas comprises a patch antenna, and each of the second plurality antennas comprises a dipole antenna.
16. The wireless device of claim 14 , wherein the first plurality of antennas are on a first surface, the second plurality of antennas are on a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface face different directions.
17. An apparatus, comprising:
a transformer including a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, and a fourth inductor;
a power amplifier coupled to the first inductor;
a low-noise amplifier coupled to the second inductor
a first antenna coupled to a first terminal of the third inductor;
a first switch coupled between a second terminal of the third inductor and a ground;
a second antenna coupled to a first terminal of the fourth inductor; and
a second switch coupled between a second terminal of the fourth inductor and the ground.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the first antenna comprises a patch antenna, and the second antenna comprises a dipole antenna.
19. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the first antenna is on a first surface, the second antenna is on a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface face different directions.
20. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising:
a first shunt inductor coupled in parallel with the first switch; and
a second shunt inductor coupled in parallel with the second switch.
21. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising a controller configured to:
turn on the first switch and turn off the second switch in a first antenna mode; and
turn off the first switch and turn on the second switch in a second antenna mode.
22. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising a third switch coupled between an input of the low-noise amplifier and the ground.
23. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising:
a third switch coupled between the first terminal of the third inductor and the ground; and
a fourth switch coupled between the first terminal of the fourth inductor and the ground.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 , further comprising a controller configured to:
turn on the first switch, turn off the second switch, turn off the third switch, and turn on the fourth switch in a first antenna mode; and
turn off the first switch, turn on the second switch, turn on the third switch, and turn off the fourth switch in a second antenna mode.
25. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein a first terminal of the second inductor is coupled to an input of the low-noise amplifier, and the apparatus further comprising a third switch coupled between a second terminal of the second inductor and a ground.
26. The apparatus of claim 25 , further comprising a fourth switch coupled between the input of the low-noise amplifier and the ground.
27. The apparatus of claim 26 , further comprising a controller configured to:
turn on the third switch and turn off the fourth switch in a receive mode; and
turn off the third switch and turn on the fourth switch in a transmit mode.
28. A wireless device, comprising:
a first antenna array comprising a first plurality of antennas;
a second antenna array comprising a second plurality of antennas;
a plurality of power amplifiers;
a plurality of low-noise amplifiers; and
a plurality of switching circuits, wherein each of the plurality of switching circuits comprises:
a transformer including a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, and a fourth inductor, wherein the first inductor is coupled to a respective one of the plurality of power amplifiers, the second inductor is coupled to a respective one of the plurality of low-noise amplifiers, a first terminal of the third inductor is coupled to a respective one of the first plurality of antennas, and a first terminal of the fourth inductor is coupled to a respective one of the second plurality of antennas;
a first switch coupled between a second terminal of the third inductor and a ground; and
a second switch coupled between a second terminal of the fourth inductor and the ground.
29. The wireless device of claim 28 , wherein each of the first plurality of antennas comprises a patch antenna, and each of the second plurality antennas comprises a dipole antenna.
30. The wireless device of claim 28 , wherein the first plurality of antennas are on a first surface, the second plurality of antennas are on a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface face different directions.